系统论、信息论和控制论与我国农业生态学的发展

骆世明

doi:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.200693

系统论、信息论和控制论与我国农业生态学的发展

doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.200693

骆世明^,

华南农业大学热带亚热带生态研究所广州 510642

详细信息

作者简介:
骆世明, 主要研究方向为农学、农业生态学、生态农业、植物化感、诱导抗性等。E-mail: smluo@scau.edu.cn

中图分类号: S181;F224.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-24
- 录用日期: 2020-08-29
- 刊出日期: 2021-02-01

Influence of cybernetic theory, information theory, and system's theory on the development of agroecology in China

LUO Shiming^,

Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

More Information

Corresponding author: LUO Shiming, E-mail: smluo@scau.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 我国构建农业生态学的学科体系中，不仅把生态系统生态学作为其学科基础，而且把系统论、信息论和控制论同样作为其重要的学科基础。因此，在我国的农业生态学的学科体系中不仅像国外的农业生态学学科体系那样重视包括物种、种群、群落、生态系统和景观层次的农业生态系统的能流物流结构和相互关系；而且还十分重视系统的信息流和资金流，包括自然信息流，以及人们主动收集、传输和利用的人工信息流，劳动所体现的价值流，及其以货币形式反映出来的资金流。我国的农业生态学不仅像国际上农业生态学体系那样很重视包括生产者、消费者和分解者在内的农业生态系统的能流和物流转换结构，而且十分重视农业生态系统的调节与控制机制，包括自然调控机制和人为调控机制，其中人为调控机制又包括了如农业经营者在种植业与养殖业中各种操作所代表的人为直接调控，也包括如市场需求、政府政策、国家法律、社会习俗、教育宣传、信息传播等能够影响农业经营者行为的人为间接调控。在系统论、信息论和控制论基础上构建的农业生态学体系有利于更好地深入剖析我国优秀的传统农业实践，启迪农业生态学相关的基础研究和应用研究，开拓信息时代农业生态转型的创新途径。

Abstract: Cybernetic theory, information theory and system's theory play an unique role on the formation of the disciplinary structure of agroecology during the early stage of agroecology development in China. In the discipline of agroecology in China, attentions were not only paid on energy and material flows, such as the structure of species, population, community, ecosystem and landscape, but also on information flow including natural information flow and artificial information flow, and on capital flow, including the value chain and its monetary representation, that is capital flow. Agroecology in China paid attention not only on the energy and material transformation structure of agroecosystem such as producer, consumer and decomposer, but also on the control and regulation of agroecosystem structure including natural control and regulation structure, and artificial control and regulation structure. In artificial control and regulation structure, direct control and indirect control approaches could be identified. Crop cultivation and animal raising actions exerted by the farmers on farm belong to direct control approach, and the market situation, government policy, national legislation, social tradition, education and information transmission which could affect the action of the farmers on farm, belong to indirect control mechanism. This disciplinary structure of agroecology based on cybernetic theory, information theory and system's theory is essential to further exploration of the excellent traditional Chinese agricultural practices, to stimulate the thought on basic and applied agroecology research, and to open up new approach for the ecological transformation of agriculture in this information era.

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图 1 农业生态系统的调控体系示意图

Figure 1. Control and regulation structure of agroecosystem

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