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稻鱼共生系统农田边界的植物和丛枝菌根真菌调查

周静怡 赵璐峰 唐建军 裘子悦 娄李懿 陈超巍 吴静 林佳辰 郭梁 胡亮亮 陈欣

周静怡, 赵璐峰, 唐建军, 裘子悦, 娄李懿, 陈超巍, 吴静, 林佳辰, 郭梁, 胡亮亮, 陈欣. 稻鱼共生系统农田边界的植物和丛枝菌根真菌调查−以首批全球重要农业文化遗产稻鱼共生系统核心保护地浙江青田龙现为例[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2022, 30(6): 889−899 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20210524
引用本文: 周静怡, 赵璐峰, 唐建军, 裘子悦, 娄李懿, 陈超巍, 吴静, 林佳辰, 郭梁, 胡亮亮, 陈欣. 稻鱼共生系统农田边界的植物和丛枝菌根真菌调查−以首批全球重要农业文化遗产稻鱼共生系统核心保护地浙江青田龙现为例[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2022, 30(6): 889−899 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20210524
ZHOU J Y, ZHAO L F, TANG J J, QIU Z Y, LOU L Y, CHEN C W, WU J, LIN J C, GUO L, HU L L, CHEN X. Plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversities in field margins of the globally important agricultural heritage rice-fish system[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022, 30(6): 889−899 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20210524
Citation: ZHOU J Y, ZHAO L F, TANG J J, QIU Z Y, LOU L Y, CHEN C W, WU J, LIN J C, GUO L, HU L L, CHEN X. Plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversities in field margins of the globally important agricultural heritage rice-fish system[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022, 30(6): 889−899 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20210524

稻鱼共生系统农田边界的植物和丛枝菌根真菌调查以首批全球重要农业文化遗产稻鱼共生系统核心保护地浙江青田龙现为例

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20210524
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(31770481, 31661143001, 31500349)及浙江省重点研发项目(2022C02058)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    周静怡, 主要从事农业生态学研究。E-mail: zjy1026@zju.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    唐建军, 主要从事植物生态学研究, E-mail: chandt@zju.edu.cn

    陈欣, 主要从事农业生态系统研究, E-mail: chen-tang@zju.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: Q143

Plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversities in field margins of the globally important agricultural heritage rice-fish system

Funds: The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31770481, 31661143001, 31500349) and the Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Project of China (2022C02058).
More Information
  • 摘要: 全球重要农业文化遗产系统(Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems, GIAHS)对农业生物多样性的保育作用近年来受到关注。研究已表明, GIAHS-青田稻鱼共生系统保持高的水稻品种多样性和田鱼遗传多样性, 但在保育野生植物资源及其相关生物方面的作用仍不清楚。本文研究了GIAHS-青田稻鱼共生系统农田边界栖息的植物及与之共生的丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF)群落, 通过坡底、坡中和坡顶取样, 评估农田边界植物多样性, 并通过高通量测序测定农田边界土壤AMF群落的多样性和组成。结果表明, 在本研究所调查的范围内, 由于总高差不大, 坡底、坡中和坡顶3个样地的植物组成、AMF群落组成及土壤理化性质均无显著性差异。青田稻鱼共生系统的农田边界分布有53科109种维管植物, α多样性指数(Shannon-Wiener指数)为0.74~0.84, β多样性指数(Whittaker指数)为0.67~0.77。农田边界植物AMF侵染率为6.67%~44.44%, 根际土壤AMF分属9科14属62种, 优势科为球囊霉科(Glomeraceae), 优势属为球囊霉属(Glomus); 农田边界的土壤碳、氮、磷、钾含量较高。相关分析表明, AMF群落多样性与植物多样性呈正相关, 与土壤碳、氮、磷、钾含量也呈正相关, 其中与土壤速效磷的相关性最显著。这些研究结果表明, GIAHS-青田稻鱼共生系统农田边界保育有较高植物多样性及与之相共生的AMF群落, 研究结果有助于加深人们对GIAHS在生物多样性保育方面的理解。
  • 图  1  研究区域地理位置图(a: 浙江省行政区域, 陆上部分; b: 青田县区域; c: 龙现村内本次调查研究的区域)

    Figure  1.  Geographic location map of the study area (a: administrative region of Zhejiang Province, land part only; b: Qingtian County area; c: the study area in Longxian Village)

    图  2  采样样地、样方分布图(a)和样方位置(b)

    Figure  2.  Diagram of sampling settings in Longxian Village, Qingtian, Zhejiang, China

    图  3  农田边界主要植物种的盖度

    Figure  3.  Coverages of main plant species in the field margin

    图  4  农田边界土壤科(a)、属(b)分类水平上丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)群落组成图

    Figure  4.  Species composition diagram of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community at the taxonomic level of family (a) and genus (b) in soil of field margin

    图  5  丛枝菌根真菌群落物种组成在属水平(a)、OTU水平(b)上与土壤环境因子的Spearman相关系数热图

    图中, X轴为环境因子。MC: 土壤含水量; TN: 土壤总氮含量; AN: 土壤碱解氮含量; OC: 土壤有机碳含量; OM: 土壤有机质含量; AP: 土壤有效磷含量; AK: 土壤速效钾含量。图的左侧和上侧为真菌物种及土壤环境因子的聚类树。图a和图b的右侧色块集内, 不同R值用不同的颜色表示, R值自深红(相关系数为1.0)至深蓝(相关系数为−1.0)变化, 以不同颜色展示不同R值。图中矩形色块中, *表示P≤0.05, **表示P≤0.01, ***表示P≤0.001。

    Figure  5.  Spearman correlation coefficient heat maps between species composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community classified at genus level (a) and OTU level (b) and soil environmental factors

    X axis represents various environmental factors. MC: moisture content; TN: total nitrogen; AN: alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen; OC: organic carbon; OM: organic matter; AP: available phosphorus; AK: available potassium. R value is shown with different color rectangles in the figure. Clusters of AMF species and soil factors are on the left and top of Figures a and b. The right colored rectangles in the right part represents the relationship index of AMF species (a) and OTU (b) with soil factors varing from the dark red (R=1.0) to the dark blue (R=−1.0). If P≤0.05, the colored rectangle is marked with *, if P≤0.01, the rectangle is marked with **, and if P≤0.001, the rectangle is marked with ***.

    表  1  不同坡位农田边界植物群落α多样性指数

    Table  1.   Species α diversity indexes of vegetation community in the field margins in different positions of hillside

    位置
    Location
    丰富度指数
    Richness index
    Shannon-Wiener指数
    Shannon-Wiener index
    Simpson指数
    Simpson index
    Pielou指数
    Pielou index
    坡底 Base of hillside20.33±3.03ns0.84±0.07ns0.77±0.05ns0.67±0.06ns
    坡中 Middle of hillside18.17±1.22ns0.78±0.05ns0.73±0.02ns0.62±0.03ns
    坡顶 Top of hillside15.00±2.08ns0.74±0.14ns0.72±0.07ns0.63±0.08ns
      数值为平均值±标准误差, n=3; ns表示不同坡位间差异未达显著水平。Value is mean±standard error, n=3; ns means no significant differences among the locations.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同坡位农田边界植物群落β多样性指数

    Table  2.   Species β diversity of vegetation community in the field margins in different positions of hillside

    位置 LocationJaccard指数 Jaccard indexWhittaker指数 Whittaker indexSorenson指数 Sorenson index
    坡底-坡中 Base-middle of hillside0.13±0.03ns0.77±0.05ns0.23±0.05ns
    坡中-坡顶 Middle-top of hillside0.20±0.06ns0.67±0.09ns0.33±0.09ns
      数值为平均值±标准误差, n=3; ns表示不同坡位间差异未达显著水平。Value is mean±standard error, n=3; ns means no significant difference among the locations.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  农田边界植物的丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)侵染率

    Table  3.   Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization rates of plants in the field margin

    宿主植物
    Host plant
    根部总侵染率
    Root colonization rate (%)
    络石 Trachelospermum jasminoides44.44±0.04d
    斑鸠菊 Vernonia esculenta44.44±0.09d
    地耳草 Hypericum japonicum42.22±0.03d
    堇菜 Viola verecunda36.67±0.12cd
    白茅 Imperata cylindrica34.44±0.06cd
    鸭跖草 Commelina communis33.33±0.08bcd
    野菊 Chrysanthemum indicum31.11±0.07bcd
    弓果黍 Cyrtococcum patens28.89±0.11abcd
    糯米团 Gonostegia hirta26.67±0.08abcd
    马唐 Digitaria sanguinalis23.33±0.08abcd
    狗尾草 Setaria viridis22.22±0.02abcd
    狗牙根 Cynodon dactylon21.11±0.06abcd
    败酱 Patrinia scabiosaefolia17.78±0.07abc
    酢浆草 Oxalis corniculata10.00±0.04ab
    积雪草 Centella asiatica6.67±0.02a
      数值为平均值±标准误差, n=3; 不同小写字母表示不同宿主植物间差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。Value is mean±standard error, n=3. Different lowercase letters mean significant differences among host plants.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  农田边界根际土壤碳氮磷钾特征

    Table  4.   Soil properties of field margin

    位置
    Location
    含水率Moisture
    content (%)
    有机碳Organic carbon
    (g∙kg−1)
    有机质Organic matter
    (g∙kg−1)
    碱解氮Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen
    (mg∙kg−1)
    有效磷Available phosphorus
    (mg∙kg−1)
    速效钾Available potassium
    (mg∙kg−1)
    全氮Total nitrogen
    (g∙kg−1)
    坡底
    Base of hillside
    45.12±3.04ab33.75±4.31ns58.18±7.42ns276.36±25.8ns26.34±5.93ns176.05±12.13ns4.36±0.42ns
    坡中
    Middle of hillside
    35.44±3.36a25.36±1.63ns43.72±2.81ns205.16±14.35ns58.29±28.37ns181.58±8.02ns2.55±0.19ns
    坡顶
    Top of hillside
    55.50±5.46b33.13±1.76ns57.12±3.03ns260.47±11.23ns41.59±2.13ns161.54±5.65ns3.14±0.09ns
      数值为平均值±标准误差, n=3; ns表示不同坡位间差异未达显著水平。Value is mean±standard error, n=3; ns means no significant difference among the locations.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  土壤丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)群落丰富度与多样性指数(基于OTU)

    Table  5.   Species richness and diversity indexes of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community in field margin (based on OTU)

    位置
    Location
    丰富度指数 Richness index多样性指数 Diversity index覆盖度
    Coverage
    AceChaoShannonSimpson
    坡底 Base of hillside73.01±7.34ns72.35±7.96ns2.99±0.17ns0.09±0.02ns0.99±0.01ns
    坡中 Middle of hillside68.06±6.54ns68.10±6.68ns2.85±0.13ns0.11±0.02ns0.99±0.01ns
    坡顶 Top of hillside59.87±3.92ns58.39±3.86ns2.49±0.40ns0.17±0.08ns0.99±0.01ns
      数值为平均值±标准误差, n=3; ns表示不同坡位间差异未达显著水平。Value is mean±standard error, n=3; ns means no significant difference among the locations.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  植物物种丰富度和丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)群落Shannon指数相关性

    Table  6.   Correlation between plant species richness and Shannon index of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community


    相关系数 Correlation coefficient
    PearsonSpearmanKendall
    物种丰富度 Species richness-Shannon index0.703**0.667**0.518**
      **代表P<0.01 (双尾)水平相关性显著。** means signficant corrlation at P<0.01 level.
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-08-09
  • 录用日期:  2022-01-16
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-01-20
  • 刊出日期:  2022-06-09

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