鸡粪添加对蔬菜废弃物堆肥腐殖化过程的影响

张陆; 曹玉博; 王惟帅; 张新媛; 王选; 姚培清; 刘双; 王红; 马林

doi:10.12357/cjea.20210536

鸡粪添加对蔬菜废弃物堆肥腐殖化过程的影响

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20210536

张陆^{1, 2,},
曹玉博^{1, 2},
王惟帅¹,
张新媛¹,
王选^{1, 5},
姚培清³,
刘双⁴,
王红⁴,
马林^{1, 2, ,}

1.
中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心/河北省土壤生态学重点实验室/中国科学院农业水资源重点实验室　石家庄　050022
2.
中国科学院大学　北京　100049
3.
沧州市青县农业农村局　沧州　062650
4.
河北省畜牧总站　石家庄　050030
5.
中国科学院雄安创新研究院　雄安　071700

基金项目: 河北省重点研发计划项目(20373806D, 20327301D, 19227305D)、中国科学院STS项目(KFJ-STS-QYZD-160)、中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2021095)、河北省现代农业产业技术体系奶牛产业创新团队项目(HBCT2018120206)和河北省现代农业产业技术体系蛋肉鸡产业创新团队项目(HBCT2018150209)资助

详细信息

作者简介:
张陆, 主要从事农业生态学研究。E-mail: 164192510@qq.com

通讯作者:
马林, 主要从事农业生态学和养分管理研究。E-mail: malin1979@sjziam.ac.cn

中图分类号: X712
计量
- 文章访问数: 263
- HTML全文浏览量: 119
- PDF下载量: 59
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-13
- 录用日期: 2021-09-24
- 网络出版日期: 2021-11-10
- 刊出日期: 2022-02-08

Effect of chicken manure addition on humification of vegetable waste in composting process

ZHANG Lu^{1, 2
,},
CAO Yubo^{1, 2},
WANG Weishuai¹,
ZHANG Xinyuan¹,
WANG Xuan^{1, 5},
YAO Peiqing³,
LIU Shuang⁴,
WANG Hong⁴,
MA Lin^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3.
Qingxian Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Cangzhou 062650, China
4.
Hebei Provincial Animal Husbandry Station, Shijiazhuang 050030, China
5.
Xiong’an Innovation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiong’an 071700, China

Funds: This study was supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Hebei Province (20373806D, 20327301D, 19227305D), the STS Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KFJ-STS-QYZD-160), the Program of Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (2021095), Hebei Province Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System Dairy Cow Industry Innovation Team Project (HBCT2018120206) and Hebei Province Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System Egg Broiler Industry Innovation Team Project (HBCT2018150209).

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: malin1979@sjziam.ac.cn

摘要

摘要: 蔬菜废弃物是富含有机质和氮磷养分的潜在有机肥资源, 然而高木质纤维素含量制约了堆肥进程, 添加鸡粪可加快木质纤维素的降解, 而目前关于鸡粪添加量对蔬菜废弃物堆肥过程中腐殖化的影响尚不清楚。本文以黄化干枯后的甜瓜秧为原料(对照, CK), 添加不同比例鸡粪(25%、50%)进行高温好氧堆肥, 通过分析堆肥过程中的温度、碳氮变化、木质纤维素、腐殖质及种子发芽指数等指标, 解析鸡粪活性物质添加对蔬菜废弃物堆肥过程中木质纤维素降解及腐殖化过程的影响。结果表明, 鸡粪添加提高了初始物料活性碳氮(可溶性有机碳和可溶性氮)含量, 加速堆肥升温并延长了堆肥高温期时间。50%鸡粪添加(CM50)显著促进了有机质和木质纤维素降解, 较CK有机质和木质纤维素降解率分别提高18.5%和16.9%, 但腐殖酸含量并无明显提高; 适量鸡粪添加(25%)可有效促进腐殖酸的生成, 其含量较CK和CM50处理分别提高56.7%和48.6%。多种腐熟指标表明, 添加25%鸡粪处理腐熟程度最高, 其腐殖化指数、聚合度、发芽指数分别为14%、3.5和83%。冗余分析(RDA)表明, 可溶性有机碳、木质纤维素、富里酸的降解及腐殖酸的形成是促进堆肥腐熟的关键因素。因此, 鸡粪添加可显著促进蔬菜废弃物中木制纤维素的降解, 然而过量鸡粪添加会导致木质纤维素被完全矿化而损失, 不利于腐殖酸的形成。适量添加鸡粪是加快蔬菜废弃物堆肥过程中木质纤维素降解并促成腐殖酸形成的关键。研究结果可为蔬菜废弃物堆肥工业化生产提供理论依据。
- 堆肥 /
- 蔬菜废弃物 /
- 鸡粪 /
- 木质纤维素 /
- 腐殖化 /
- 腐熟
Abstract: In the process of vegetable production and processing, a lot of wastes are produced. Vegetable waste is a potential organic fertilizer source, rich in organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus nutrients, and composting is an important way to realize vegetable wastes utilization. However, the high lignocellulose content restricts the composting process, and the addition of chicken manure can accelerate lignocellulose degradation. However, the effect of the chicken manure on the humification of vegetable wastes in the composting process is still unclear. It is necessary to investigate the effects of chicken manure on lignocellulose degradation and humification during vegetable waste composting. The yellowed and dried melon vines were used as raw material (CK), and different proportions of chicken manure (25%, 50%) were added for aerobic composting. By analyzing the temperature, carbon and nitrogen changes, lignocellulose, humus, and seed germination index in the composting process, the effects of active substances added from chicken manure on lignocellulosic degradation and humification in the composting process of vegetable wastes were discussed. The results showed that the addition of chicken manure increased the content of active carbon and nitrogen (dissolved organic carbon and soluble nitrogen) of the initial materials, accelerated the temperature rise of the compost, and prolonged the high-temperature period of composting. The addition of 25% (CM25) and 50% (CM50) chicken manure promoted the degradation of lignocellulose and organic matter, with the highest degradation rates of lignocellulose reaching 61% and 69%, and those of total organic matter reaching 53% and 64%, respectively. The ideal addition of chicken manure (25%) effectively promoted the generation of humic acid, and the content of humic acid in CM25 treatment increased by 56.7% and 48.6% compared with CK and CM50 treatment, respectively. Interestingly, the CM50 treatment significantly promoted the degradation of organic matter and lignocellulose, and the degradation rates of organic matter and lignocellulose increased by 18.5% and 16.9%, respectively, compared with CK. However, the humic acid content was not significantly increased when the addition dosage of chicken manure increased to 50% since the lignocellulose tended to be completely degraded to CO₂. The results showed that treatment with 25% chicken manure had achieved the best performance on maturity parameters, the humification index, degree of polymerization, and germination index reached 14%, 3.5, and 83%, respectively. RDA analysis showed that the degradation of soluble organic carbon, lignocellulose, fulvic acid, and the formation of humic acid were the key factors to promote compost maturity. Therefore, the addition of chicken manure could significantly promote the degradation of lignocellulose in vegetable wastes. However, adding excessive amount of chicken manure lead to the complete degradation of lignocellulose and mineralization and CO₂ emissions, which is not conducive to humic acid formation. Appropriate addition of chicken manure is the key to accelerating the lignocellulosic degradation and promoting the formation of humic acid in the composting process of melon straw. The results can provide a theoretical basis for industrial production.
- Composting /
- Vegetable waste /
- Chicken manure /
- Lignocellulose /
- Humification /
- Maturity

HTML全文

图 1 添加不同比例鸡粪下堆肥过程中的理化性质变化

CK: 对照; CM25: 添加25%鸡粪处理; CM50: 添加50%鸡粪处理。CK: control; CM25: treatment of adding 25% chicken manure; CM50: treatment of adding 50% chicken manure.

Figure 1. Variations of physicochemical properties during composting under different addition rates of chicken manure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 添加不同比例鸡粪下堆肥过程中有机质含量及木质纤维素含量的变化

CK: 对照; CM25: 添加25%鸡粪处理; CM50: 添加50%鸡粪处理。CK: control; CM25: treatment of adding 25% chicken manure; CM50: treatment of adding 50% chicken manure.

Figure 2. Variation of organic matter content and lignocellulose content during composting under different addition rates of chicken manure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 添加不同比例鸡粪下堆肥过程中腐殖质组分的变化

CK: 对照; CM25: 添加25%鸡粪处理; CM50: 添加50%鸡粪处理。CK: control; CM25: treatment of adding 25% chicken manure; CM50: treatment of adding 50% chicken manure.

Figure 3. Variation of humus component during composting under different addition rates of chicken manure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 添加不同比例鸡粪下堆肥过程中腐熟程度的变化

CK: 对照; CM25: 添加25%鸡粪处理; CM50: 添加50%鸡粪处理。HA/FA: 聚合度, 为腐殖酸与富里酸的比例。CK: control; CM25: treatment of adding 25% chicken manure; CM50: treatment of adding 50% chicken manure. HA/FA: degree of polymerization, ratio of fulvic acid to hmmic acid.

Figure 4. Variation of maturity degrees during composting under different addition rates of chicken manure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 堆肥腐熟程度与各理化参数之间的关系 (a: 理化性质与腐熟程度之间冗余分析; b: 理化因子对腐熟程度解释方差百分比)

DOC: 可溶性有机碳; Lce: 木质纤维素; HA: 腐殖酸; FA: 富里酸; SN: 可溶性氮; OM: 有机质; HI: 腐殖化指数; Tem: 温度; TN: 总氮; GI: 发芽指数。DOC: dissolved organic carbon; Lce: lignocellulose; HA: humic acid; FA: fulvic acid; SN: soluble nitrogen; OM: organic matter; HI: humus index; Tem: temperature; TN: total nitrogen; GI: germination index.

Figure 5. Relationship between maturity degree of decomposition and physical and chemical parameters (a: redundancy analysis between physicochemical properties and maturity degre; b: percentage of variance explained by physicochemical properties to maturity degree)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 堆肥材料的理化性状

Table 1. Characters of composting materials

试验材料 Material	含水率 Moisture content (%)	总碳¹⁾ Total carbon¹⁾ (%)	总氮¹⁾ Total nitrogen¹⁾ (%)	碳氮比¹⁾ C/N¹⁾	pH	电导率 Electrical conductivity (mS∙cm⁻¹)
瓜秧 Melon vine	13.38±0.43	44.10±0.52	2.68±0.014	16.45±0.11	6.05±0.08	18.72±0.11
鸡粪 Chicken manure	69.31±0.44	25.66±0.16	2.96±0.02	8.67±0.03	7.48±0.02	5.99±0.12
1): 基于物料干重。1): based on dry weight of material.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 试验处理及初始理化性质

Table 2. Experimental treatments and initial physicochemical properties

处理 Treatment	瓜秧比例¹⁾ Melon vine proportion¹⁾ (%)	鸡粪比例¹⁾ Chicken manure proportion¹⁾ (%)	有机质²⁾ Organic matter content²⁾ (%)	初始含水率 Initial moisture content (%)	初始碳氮比²⁾ Initial C/N²⁾	初始pH Initial pH
CK	100	0	76.03±0.14	60.88±0.86	16.47±0.02	6.49±0.20
CM25	75	25	72.99±0.39	60.95±0.65	15.76±0.07	6.51±0.02
CM50	50	50	71.80±0.05	60.72±1.76	15.27±0.01	7.02±0.01
1): 基于物料鲜重; 2)基于物料干重。CK: 对照; CM25: 添加25%鸡粪处理; CM50: 添加50%鸡粪处理。1): based on wet weight of material; 2): based on dry weight of material. CK: control; CM25: treatment of adding 25% chicken manure; CM50: treatment of adding 50% chicken manure.

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(34)

[1]	刘佳豪, 姚昕, 翟胜, 等. 我国蔬菜废弃物资源化利用技术分析及展望[J]. 农业资源与环境学报, 2020, 37(5): 636−644 LIU J H, YAO X, ZHAI S, et al. Analysis and prospects for resource utilization of vegetable waste in China[J]. Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment, 2020, 37(5): 636−644
[2]	杜鹏祥, 韩雪, 高杰云, 等. 我国蔬菜废弃物资源化高效利用潜力分析[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2015(7): 15–20 DU P X, HAN X, GAO J Y, et al. Potential analysis on high efficient utilization of waste vegetable resources in China[J]. China Vegetables, 2015(7): 15–20
[3]	李火金, 蔡尽忠. 蔬菜废弃物堆肥化处理概述[J]. 生物学教学, 2019, 44(7): 67−68 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-7549.2019.07.033 LI H J, CAI J Z. Summary of composting treatment of vegetable waste[J]. Biology Teaching, 2019, 44(7): 67−68 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-7549.2019.07.033
[4]	王丽英, 吴硕, 张彦才, 等. 蔬菜废弃物堆肥化处理研究进展[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2014(6): 6–12 WANG L Y, WU S, ZHANG Y C, et al. Research progress on composting treatment of vegetable wastes[J]. China Vegetables, 2014(6): 6–12
[5]	宋丽. 蔬菜废物两级强化水解厌氧消化实验研究[D]. 北京: 北京化工大学, 2010 SONG L. Experimental study of an enhanced two-phase anaerobic digestion of vegetable waste[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 2010
[6]	WU J Q, ZHAO Y, YU H M, et al. Effects of aeration rates on the structural changes in humic substance during co-composting of digestates and chicken manure[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 658: 510−520 doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.198
[7]	ZHANG D F, LUO W H, LI Y, et al. Performance of co-composting sewage sludge and organic fraction of municipal solid waste at different proportions[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018, 250: 853−859 doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.136
[8]	ZHANG S, WEI Z M, ZHAO M Y, et al. Influence of malonic acid and manganese dioxide on humic substance formation and inhibition of CO₂ release during composting[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2020, 318: 124075 doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124075
[9]	ZHANG Z C, ZHAO Y, WANG R X, et al. Effect of the addition of exogenous precursors on humic substance formation during composting[J]. Waste Management, 2018, 79: 462−471 doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.08.025
[10]	龚建英, 田锁霞, 王智中, 等. 微生物菌剂和鸡粪对蔬菜废弃物堆肥化处理的影响[J]. 环境工程学报, 2012, 6(8): 2813−2817 GONG J Y, TIAN S X, WANG Z Z, et al. Effect of inoculation and poultry dung on composting of vegetable residues[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2012, 6(8): 2813−2817
[11]	何宗均, 梁海恬, 李峰, 等. 干鸡粪、醋渣对叶菜类蔬菜废弃物堆肥效果的影响[J]. 山西农业科学, 2016, 44(9): 1328−1333, 1337 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-2481.2016.09.24 HE Z J, LIANG H T, LI F, et al. Effect of the dry chicken manure and vinegar residue on the composting of leafy vegetables waste[J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 44(9): 1328−1333, 1337 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-2481.2016.09.24
[12]	KULIKOWSKA D. Kinetics of organic matter removal and humification progress during sewage sludge composting[J]. Waste Management, 2016, 49: 196−203 doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.01.005
[13]	WANG L Q, ZHAO Y, GE J P, et al. Effect of tricarboxylic acid cycle regulators on the formation of humic substance during composting: The performance in labile and refractory materials[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2019, 292: 121949 doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121949
[14]	郜斌斌, 王选, 常瑞雪, 等. 黏土矿物和化学添加剂对牛粪堆肥过程氮素固持的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(20): 250−257 doi: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.20.032 GAO B B, WANG X, CHANG R X, et al. Effects of clay and chemical additives on nitrogen retention during cow manure composting[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(20): 250−257 doi: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.20.032
[15]	WANG X, BAI Z H, YAO Y, et al. Composting with negative pressure aeration for the mitigation of ammonia emissions and global warming potential[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018, 195: 448−457 doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.146
[16]	ZHAO Y, ZHAO Y, ZHANG Z C, et al. Effect of thermo-tolerant actinomycetes inoculation on cellulose degradation and the formation of humic substances during composting[J]. Waste Management, 2017, 68: 64−73 doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.06.022
[17]	VAN SOEST P J, ROBERTSON J B, LEWIS B A. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1991, 74(10): 3583−3597 doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
[18]	BERNAL M P, ALBURQUERQUE J A, MORAL R. Composting of animal manures and chemical criteria for compost maturity assessment. A review[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2009, 100(22): 5444−5453 doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.027
[19]	侯勇. 秸秆发酵制取生化腐殖酸过程中的理化特性及微生物学特性研究[D]. 雅安: 四川农业大学, 2013 HOU Y. Physicochemical and microbial properties in the process of biochemical humic acids producing by straw fermentation[D]. Ya’an: Sichuan Agricultural University, 2013
[20]	WU J Q, ZHAO Y, QI H S, et al. Identifying the key factors that affect the formation of humic substance during different materials composting[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2017, 244: 1193−1196 doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.100
[21]	王定美, 麦力文, 杨霞, 等. 粪便对食用菌渣堆肥中碳氮转化的影响[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2020, 42(11): 1368−1374 WANG D M, MAI L W, YANG X, et al. Effect of animal manures on the conversion of carbon and nitrogen in edible fungi residue compost[J]. Environmental Pollution & Control, 2020, 42(11): 1368−1374
[22]	CAO Y B, WANG X, LIU L, et al. Acidification of manure reduces gaseous emissions and nutrient losses from subsequent composting process[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2020, 264: 110454 doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110454
[23]	CHANG R X, LI Y M, CHEN Q, et al. Comparing the effects of three in situ methods on nitrogen loss control, temperature dynamics and maturity during composting of agricultural wastes with a stage of temperatures over 70 ℃[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019, 230: 119−127
[24]	BAI L, DENG Y, LI J, et al. Role of the proportion of cattle manure and biogas residue on the degradation of lignocellulose and humification during composting[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2020, 307: 122941 doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122941
[25]	GUO X X, LIU H T, WU S B. Humic substances developed during organic waste composting: Formation mechanisms, structural properties, and agronomic functions[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 662: 501−510 doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.137
[26]	WANG X, SELVAM A, WONG J W C. Influence of lime on struvite formation and nitrogen conservation during food waste composting[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2016, 217: 227−232 doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.117
[27]	ZHOU Y, SELVAM A, WONG J W C. Evaluation of humic substances during co-composting of food waste, sawdust and Chinese medicinal herbal residues[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 168: 229−234 doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.05.070
[28]	WU D, WEI Z M, QU F T, et al. Effect of Fenton pretreatment combined with bacteria inoculation on humic substances formation during lignocellulosic biomass composting derived from rice straw[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2020, 303: 122849 doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122849
[29]	ZHOU H B, MENG H B, ZHAO L X, et al. Effect of biochar and humic acid on the copper, lead, and cadmium passivation during composting[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018, 258: 279−286 doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.086
[30]	常瑞雪, 王骞, 甘晶晶, 等. 易降解有机质含量对黄瓜秧堆肥腐熟和氮损失的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(1): 231−237 doi: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.01.032 CHANG R X, WANG Q, GAN J J, et al. Influence of easily-degraded organic matter content on maturity and nitrogen loss during composting of cucumber vine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017, 33(1): 231−237 doi: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.01.032
[31]	常瑞雪, 甘晶晶, 陈清, 等. 碳源调理剂对黄瓜秧堆肥进程和碳氮养分损失的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(S2): 254−259 CHANG R X, GAN J J, CHEN Q, et al. Effect of carbon resources conditioner on composting process and carbon and nitrogen loss during composting of cucumber stalk[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2016, 32(S2): 254−259
[32]	CHANG R X, GUO Q Y, CHEN Q, et al. Effect of initial material bulk density and easily-degraded organic matter content on temperature changes during composting of cucumber stalk[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2019, 80: 306−315 doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.10.004
[33]	韩雪, 常瑞雪, 杜鹏祥, 等. 不同蔬菜种类的产废比例及性状分析[J]. 农业资源与环境学报, 2015, 32(4): 377−382 HAN X, CHANG R X, DU P X, et al. Straw coefficient and properties of different vegetable wastes[J]. Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment, 2015, 32(4): 377−382
[34]	霍凯丽, 常瑞雪, 李彦明, 等. 辣椒秸秆快速高温好氧堆肥工艺研究[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2019(2): 58–62 HUO K L, CHANG R X, LI Y M, et al. Studies on rapid high temperature aerobic compost technology of pepper stalk[J]. China Vegetables, 2019(2): 58–62