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双碳战略目标下农业绿色低碳发展的基本路径与制度构建

王学婷 张俊飚

王学婷, 张俊飚. 双碳战略目标下农业绿色低碳发展的基本路径与制度构建[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2022, 30(4): 516−526 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20210772
引用本文: 王学婷, 张俊飚. 双碳战略目标下农业绿色低碳发展的基本路径与制度构建[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2022, 30(4): 516−526 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20210772
WANG X T, ZHANG J B. Basic path and system construction of agricultural green and low-carbon development with respect to the strategic target of carbon peak and carbon neutrality[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022, 30(4): 516−526 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20210772
Citation: WANG X T, ZHANG J B. Basic path and system construction of agricultural green and low-carbon development with respect to the strategic target of carbon peak and carbon neutrality[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022, 30(4): 516−526 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20210772

双碳战略目标下农业绿色低碳发展的基本路径与制度构建

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20210772
基金项目: 国家社会科学基金重点项目(20AZD091)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    王学婷, 研究方向为农业资源与环境经济。E-mail: wangxtwork@163.com

    通讯作者:

    张俊飚, 研究方向为农业资源与环境经济、农业经济理论与政策。E-mail: zhangjb513@126.com

  • 中图分类号: F3; F323.22

Basic path and system construction of agricultural green and low-carbon development with respect to the strategic target of carbon peak and carbon neutrality

Funds: This study was supported by the Key Project of National Social Science Foundation of China (20AZD091).
More Information
  • 摘要: 实现“碳达峰” “碳中和”是我国未来一段时期内的重大战略目标(“双碳”战略)。农业既是重要的温室气体排放源, 又是巨大的碳汇系统。如何实现农业绿色低碳发展, 是推进“双碳”战略目标实现必须关注的重要领域。实现碳达峰, 农业减排固碳既是重要手段, 又大有潜力。为此, 本文首先梳理了农业绿色低碳发展现状, 当前我国农业碳排放总量趋于平稳达峰状态, 化肥和农场能源等现代农业投入要素使用产生的碳排放占比增加, 同时我国农业生态系统运转呈现出强大的碳汇功能。其次剖析了农业绿色低碳发展存在的主要问题, 包括农业投入品过量和化石能源过度消耗、农业资源利用率低、农业绿色低碳发展技术储备不足和配套制度体系不健全等。然后着重阐述了实现农业绿色低碳发展的基本路径和措施, 如加强农业资源节约利用, 提高资源利用效率; 加大农业面源污染综合治理, 实现肥药减量增效、农业废弃物资源化利用和农业白色污染有效治理; 培育并做大做强农业绿色低碳产业, 实现农产品从生产、加工到流通的全产业链绿色化; 加大科技创新, 构建农业绿色低碳发展科技支撑体系。最后从财税制度、金融制度、土地与经营制度、生态产品价值实现机制、约束激励机制等层面构建推进农业绿色低碳发展的制度体系。本研究可为进一步制定农业绿色低碳发展政策措施和开展相关研究提供科学依据。
  • 图  1  1961—2019年中国农业碳排放量变化趋势

    数据来源为FAO数据库https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data。The data is based on the FAO database https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data.

    Figure  1.  Trends in China’s agricultural carbon emissions from 1961 to 2019

    图  2  1961—2019年中国不同来源农业碳排放量占比

    数据来源为FAO数据库https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data。The data is based on the FAO database https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data.

    Figure  2.  Proportions of different sources of agricultural carbon emissions in China from 1961 to 2019

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  • 收稿日期:  2021-11-10
  • 录用日期:  2022-02-25
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-03-01
  • 刊出日期:  2022-04-11

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