盐镉互作下盐地碱蓬和碱蓬生长及镉吸收的比较研究

吴玉洁; 封晓辉; 张睿; 李静; 刘小京

doi:10.12357/cjea.20210778

盐镉互作下盐地碱蓬和碱蓬生长及镉吸收的比较研究

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20210778

吴玉洁^{1, 2,},
封晓辉¹,
张睿^{1, 2},
李静^{1, 2},
刘小京^{1, 2, ,}

1.
河北省土壤生态学重点实验室/中国科学院盐碱地资源高效利用工程实验室/中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心　石家庄　050022
2.
中国科学院大学　北京　100049

基金项目: 中国科学院工程实验室建设项目(KFJ-PTXM-017)和河北省重点研发计划项目(20327002D)资助

详细信息

作者简介:
吴玉洁, 主要从事盐生植物利用的研究。E-mail: wuyujie19@mails.ucas.ac.cn

通讯作者:
刘小京, 主要从事缺水盐渍区水土资源高效利用研究。E-mail: xjliu@sjziam.ac.cn

中图分类号: X53
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-10
- 录用日期: 2022-02-10
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-05

Comparative study on the growth and Cd uptake of Suaeda salsa and Suaeda glauca under the stress of salt and Cd and their interaction

WU Yujie^{1, 2
,},
FENG Xiaohui¹,
ZHANG Rui^{1, 2},
LI Jing^{1, 2},
LIU Xiaojing^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology / Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Saline Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Funds: This study was supported by the Construction Project of Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KFJ-PTXM-017) and the Hebei Key Technology R&D Program (20327002D).

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: xjliu@sjziam.ac.cn

摘要

摘要: 利用盐生植物修复盐碱地重金属污染是一种经济有效且安全性高的生物修复方法, 但盐和重金属互作对不同盐生植物生长和重金属元素吸收的研究不足。本研究采用水培试验, 比较盐和镉互作对典型聚盐盐生植物盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)和碱蓬(Suaeda glauca)生长及对重金属Cd吸收的影响, 分析盐对镉吸收的调节作用。试验设置两个盐水平(0 g∙L⁻¹、10 g∙L⁻¹ NaCl)和两个Cd水平(0 mg∙L⁻¹、5 mg∙L⁻¹ Cd), 共4个处理。研究结果表明, Cd处理显著抑制两种植物的生长, 降低了叶片肉质化程度和根冠比, 且对盐地碱蓬的抑制作用大于碱蓬, 对根部的抑制更明显。10 g∙L⁻¹NaCl盐处理均促进两种植物地上部的生长, 且对盐地碱蓬地上部生长的促进作用显著大于碱蓬; 但显著抑制碱蓬根系的生长。Cd处理下施加NaCl显著缓解Cd对两种植物的抑制作用, 且对盐地碱蓬的缓解作用大于碱蓬, 对Cd抑制盐地碱蓬根系生长的缓解作用为极显著。盐地碱蓬和碱蓬地上部Cd含量差异不显著, 盐处理显著降低两种植物地上部Cd含量。盐处理显著促进两种植物地上部对Na⁺的吸收, 盐地碱蓬地上部Na⁺含量和Na⁺/Cd高于碱蓬, 但K⁺含量、K⁺/Na⁺和K⁺/Cd显著低于碱蓬, 且Cd处理进一步促进了两种植物地上部对Na⁺的吸收; 盐处理降低K⁺的吸收和K⁺/Na⁺, 碱蓬地上部K⁺的吸收和K⁺/Na⁺均大于盐地碱蓬。盐、Cd处理下两种植物间地上部脯氨酸含量差异不明显, 但盐、Cd及其互作有增加地上部脯氨酸含量的趋势。在无胁迫和单一Cd处理下, 盐地碱蓬地上部可溶性糖含量显著高于碱蓬; 盐处理显著降低了盐地碱蓬地上部可溶性糖含量, Cd处理显著增加了碱蓬地上部可溶性糖的含量。上述结果表明, 盐地碱蓬和碱蓬的生长对盐、Cd及其互作的响应不同, 盐分可以缓解Cd对其生长的抑制作用, 特别是Cd对盐地碱蓬根系生长的抑制作用, 盐地碱蓬更趋向于积累无机渗透调节物质如Na⁺, 而碱蓬更趋向于积累无机渗透调节物质(K⁺)和有机渗透调节物质(可溶性糖)来抵御盐、镉胁迫。
- 盐地碱蓬 /
- 碱蓬 /
- Cd污染 /
- 盐胁迫 /
- 生物修复
Abstract: Remediation of heavy metal-contaminated saline-alkali soil by halophytes is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method, but there is less information on the comparative study of different halophytic species under salt and heavy metal stresses. In this study, hydroponic experiments were conducted to compare the effects of salt and Cd interactions on the growth and Cd uptake between two typical leaf succulent halophytes, Suaeda salsa and Suaeda glauca, and to explore the regulatory effect of salt on Cd absorption. There were four treatments with two salt levels (0 and 10 g·L⁻¹NaCl) and two Cd levels (0 and 5 mg·L⁻¹Cd). The results showed that Cd treatment significantly inhibited the growth of the two plants and reduced leaf succulence and root-to-shoot ratio. Additionally, the inhibitory effect was greater on S. salsa than on S. glauca, especially with respect to root growth. Salt treatment promoted the shoot growth of both plants, and the promotion effect on shoot growth was significantly greater in S. salsa than in S. glauca. However, the root growth of S. glauca was significantly inhibited. The salt treatment under Cd stress significantly alleviated the inhibitory effect of Cd on the growth of both plants, and the alleviation effect on S. salsa was greater than that of S. glauca, especially on the root growth of S. salsa. There was no significant difference in shoot Cd content between S. salsa and S. glauca under Cd stress, but the Cd content in the shoots of the two plants was significantly reduced by salt treatment. The Na⁺ content and Na⁺/Cd ratio in the shoots of S. salsa were higher than those in S. glauca, but the K⁺ content, K⁺/Na⁺ ratio, and K⁺/Cd ratio were significantly lower than those in S. glauca. Salt treatment significantly promoted Na⁺ absorption in the shoots of both plants, and Cd treatment further promoted Na⁺ absorption in the shoots. Salt treatment reduced shoot K⁺ content and K⁺/Na⁺ ratio in both plants; these values were higher in S. glauca than in S. salsa. There was a tendency for shoot proline content to increase in both species under salt and Cd stresses, but there were no significant differences among species, salt, and Cd treatments. The shoot soluble sugar content of S. salsa was significantly higher than that of S. glauca under no stress and Cd treatment. Salt treatment significantly decreased the shoot soluble sugar content of S. salsa and increased that of S. glauca. Cd treatment increased the shoot soluble sugar content in both species, especially that in S. glauca. The above results show that the growth of S. salsa and S. glauca have different responses to salt, Cd, and their interactions. Salt can alleviate the inhibitory effect of Cd on growth, especially the inhibitory effect of Cd on root growth of S. salsa. S. salsa tends to accumulate inorganic osmotic regulators such as Na⁺, whereas S. glauca tends to accumulate inorganic osmotic regulators such as K⁺ and organic osmotic regulators such as soluble sugars to resist salt and Cd stress.
- Suaeda salsa /
- Suaeda glauca /
- Cd contamination /
- Salt stress /
- Bioremediation

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图 1 盐处理对盐地碱蓬和碱蓬地上部Cd含量的影响

图中不同小写字母表示两种植物不同处理在P<0.05水平差异显著; **表示在P<0.01水平差异显著; NS表示无显著性差异。S₀Cd₁表示单一Cd处理, S₁Cd₁表示盐Cd互作处理。Different lowercase letters mean significant differences among treatments of two plants at P<0.05 level. ** means significant differences at P<0.01. NS means no significant difference. S₀Cd₁ is single Cd treatment, S₁Cd₁ is salt and Cd interactive treatment. The treatments are described in Table 1.

Figure 1. Effects of salt treatment on shoot Cd content of Suaeda salsa and Suaeda glauca

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图 2 盐镉互作处理对盐地碱蓬和碱蓬地上部Na⁺(A), K⁺(B)含量和K⁺/Na⁺比(C)的影响

图中不同小写字母表示两种植物的不同处理在P<0.05水平差异显著; S₀Cd₀ 表示无盐无Cd处理, S₀Cd₁表示单一Cd处理, S₁Cd₀表示单一盐处理, S₁Cd₁表示盐Cd互作处理。Different lowercase letters mean significant differences among treatments of two plants at P<0.05 level. S₀Cd₀ is no salt and no Cd treatment, S₀Cd₁ is single Cd treatment, S₁Cd₀ is single salt treatment, S₁Cd₁ is salt and Cd interactive treatment. The treatments are discribed in Table 1.

Figure 2. Effects of salt-Cd interactions on shoot Na⁺(A), K⁺ (B) contents and K⁺/Na⁺ ratio (C) in Suaeda salsa and Suaeda glauca

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图 3 盐处理对盐地碱蓬和碱蓬地上部Na⁺/Cd比(A)和K⁺/Cd比(B)的影响

不同小写字母表示两种植物不同处理在P<0.05水平差异显著; *表示在P<0.05水平差异显著; **表示在P<0.01水平差异显著; NS表示无显著性差异。S₀Cd₁表示单一Cd处理, S₁Cd₁表示盐Cd互作处理。Different lowercase letters mean significant differences among different treatments of two plants at P<0.05 level. * means significant difference at P<0.05; ** means significant difference at P<0.01. NS means no significant difference. S₀Cd₁ is single Cd treatment, S₁Cd₁ is salt and Cd interactive treatment. The treatments are discribed in Table 1.

Figure 3. Effects of salt treatment on shoot Na⁺/Cd ratio (A) and K⁺/Cd ratio (B) of Suaeda salsa and Suaeda glauca

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图 4 盐镉互作处理对盐地碱蓬和碱蓬地上部脯氨酸(A)和可溶性糖(B)含量的影响

不同小写字母表示两种植物不同处理在P<0.05水平差异显著; S₀Cd₀ 表示无盐无Cd处理, S₀Cd₁表示单一Cd处理, S₁Cd₀表示单一盐处理, S₁Cd₁表示盐Cd互作处理。Different lowercase letters mean significant differences among different treatments of two plants at P<0.05 level. S₀Cd₀ is no salt and no Cd treatment, S₀Cd₁ is single Cd treatment, S₁Cd₀ is single salt treatment, S₁Cd₁ is salt and Cd interactive treatment. The treatments are discribed in Table 1.

Figure 4. Effects of salt-Cd interactions on shoot proline (A) and soluble sugar (B) contents of Suaeda salsa and Suaeda glauca

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表 1 盐和Cd互作处理对盐地碱蓬和碱蓬生长的影响

Table 1. Effects of salt, Cd and their interaction on the growth of Suaeda salsa and Suaeda glauca

植物 Plant species	处理 Treatment	生物量 Biomass (g·pot⁻¹)			根冠比 Root/shoot ratio	叶片肉质化程度 Degree of leaf succulence
植物 Plant species	处理 Treatment	地上部 Shoot	地下部 Root	总计 Total	根冠比 Root/shoot ratio	叶片肉质化程度 Degree of leaf succulence
盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	S₀　Cd₀	1.21±0.05bc	0.25±0.02b	1.47±0.07bc	0.21±0.01a	7.89±0.17ab
	Cd₁	0.59±0.09e	0.05±0.01e	0.63±0.09e	0.08±0.01f	5.78±0.82c
	S₁　Cd₀	1.44±0.06b	0.22±0.01bc	1.65±0.07b	0.15±0.01c	7.67±0.28ab
	Cd₁	0.93±0.05d	0.11±0.01d	1.04±0.05d	0.12±0.01d	6.66±0.35bc
碱蓬 Suaeda glauca	S₀　Cd₀	2.03±0.14a	0.35±0.03a	2.38±0.17a	0.17±0.00b	8.12±0.40a
	Cd₁	1.11±0.08cd	0.11±0.01d	1.22±0.08cd	0.10±0.00de	5.76±0.12c
	S₁　Cd₀	2.19±0.04a	0.20±0.01c	2.40±0.05a	0.09±0.00ef	6.68±0.15bc
	Cd₁	1.25±0.13bc	0.10±0.01d	1.35±0.14c	0.08±0.00f	6.51±0.70bc
显著性 Significance
物种 Species		**	**	**	**	NS
盐 Salt		*	**	*	**	NS
镉 Cd		**	**	**	**	**
物种×盐 Species × salt		NS	**	NS	**	NS
物种×镉 Species × Cd		*	NS	*	**	NS
盐×镉 Salt × Cd		NS	**	NS	**	*
物种×盐×Cd Species × salt ×Cd		NS	NS	NS	**	NS
表中同列不同小写字母表示在P<0.05水平差异显著; 和分别表示在P<0.05和P<0.01水平差异显著; NS表示无显著性差异。S₀: NaCl添加量为0 g∙L⁻¹; S₁: NaCl添加量为10 g∙L⁻¹; Cd₀: Cd添加量为0 mg∙L⁻¹; Cd₁: Cd添加量为5 mg∙L⁻¹。In this table, different lowercase letters in the same column mean significant difference at P<0.05. and ** mean significant differences at P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively. NS means no significant difference. S₀: 0 g∙L⁻¹ NaCl; S₁: 10 g∙L⁻¹ NaCl ; Cd₀: 0 mg∙L⁻¹ Cd; S₁: 5 mg∙L⁻¹ Cd.

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表 2 盐镉互作处理下盐地碱蓬和碱蓬离子含量的三因素方差分析

Table 2. Three-way ANOVA of salt-Cd interactions on ions content of two plants

	Na⁺	K⁺	K⁺/Na⁺
物种 Species	18.18^**	194.46^**	100.55^**
盐 Salt	9364.87^**	479.61^**	894.42^**
镉 Cd	42.29^**	31.47^**	130.55^**
物种×盐 Species × salt	0.87^NS	1.30^NS	85.41^**
物种×镉 Species × Cd	0.01^NS	5.12^*	5.71^**
盐×镉 Salt × Cd	1.15^NS	55.59^**	130.25^**
物种×盐×Cd Species ×salt ×Cd	0.68^NS	15.53^**	5.10^*
和分别表示在P<0.05和P<0.01水平差异显著, NS表示无显著性差异。 and ** mean significant differences at P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively. NS means no significant difference.

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表 3 盐镉互作处理下两种植物渗透调节物质的三因素方差分析

Table 3. Three-way ANOVA of salt-Cd interactions on two osmotic regulators of two plants

	脯氨酸 Proline	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar
物种 Species	0.02^NS	5.26^*
盐 Salt	2.55^NS	12.89^**
镉 Cd	0.18^NS	5.52^*
物种×盐 Species × salt	0.56^NS	14.89^**
物种×镉 Species × Cd	0.10^NS	0.16^NS
盐×镉 Salt × Cd	0.89^NS	2.58^NS
物种×盐×镉 Species × salt × Cd	0.05^NS	0.78^NS
表示在P<0.05水平差异显著; 表示P<0.01水平差异极显著; NS表示无显著性差异。 means significant difference at P<0.05; ** means significant difference at P<0.01; NS means no significant difference.

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