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苹果不同砧穗组合对碳储量的影响研究

吕佳红 李慧 邓明江 柴小粉 韩振海 王忆

吕佳红, 李慧, 邓明江, 柴小粉, 韩振海, 王忆. 苹果不同砧穗组合对碳储量的影响研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2021, 29(8): 1350-1358. doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.200770
引用本文: 吕佳红, 李慧, 邓明江, 柴小粉, 韩振海, 王忆. 苹果不同砧穗组合对碳储量的影响研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2021, 29(8): 1350-1358. doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.200770
LYU Jiahong, LI Hui, DENG Mingjiang, CHAI Xiaofen, HAN Zhenhai, WANG Yi. Influence of apple grafting combinations on carbon storage in orchards[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2021, 29(8): 1350-1358. doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.200770
Citation: LYU Jiahong, LI Hui, DENG Mingjiang, CHAI Xiaofen, HAN Zhenhai, WANG Yi. Influence of apple grafting combinations on carbon storage in orchards[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2021, 29(8): 1350-1358. doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.200770

苹果不同砧穗组合对碳储量的影响研究

doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.200770
基金项目: 

国家重点研发计划专项 2016YFD0201100

国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目 CARS-27

详细信息
    通讯作者:

    王忆, 主要研究果树逆境生理与分子生物学。E-mail: wangyi@cau.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: S661.1

Influence of apple grafting combinations on carbon storage in orchards

Funds: 

the Special Fund for the National Key Research and Development Project of China 2016YFD0201100

the Industrial System Construction of Modern Agriculture of China CARS-27

More Information
  • 摘要: 作为一种重要的农用植被类型,果园在我国陆地生态系统碳汇评价中占有重要的地位,其碳储量及其碳汇经济价值的估算是全球碳循环研究的重要内容。本研究以山定子、八棱海棠、平邑甜茶3种苹果砧木与‘富士’‘金冠’2种苹果接穗嫁接组成的6种砧穗组合为试验材料,分别对其植株、土壤、枯落物进行碳储量分析,对系统单位面积苹果树的碳储量汇总,探究不同砧穗组合土壤-植被系统固碳能力及其差异,为理清并进一步提升苹果园碳储量提供理论依据。结果表明:相比于其他组织,苹果根含碳率高;各器官中树干生物量最高,占总生物量的33.89%~47.95%。不同器官的碳储量差异较大,表现为树干>树枝>根,且树干碳储量占植株碳储量的38%以上。对各砧穗组合植株碳储量比较发现,同种砧木、不同接穗的砧穗组合间,植株碳储量差异显著,以山定子、平邑甜茶为砧木时,‘富士’为接穗的组合显著高于‘金冠’为接穗的组合;同种接穗不同砧木间植株碳储量差异不显著。而对各砧穗组合枯落物碳储量比较发现,同种砧木不同接穗间差异显著,以‘富士’为接穗的砧穗组合显著高于‘金冠’为接穗的组合;同种接穗不同砧木间,以山定子为砧木的砧穗组合枯落物碳储量显著高于八棱海棠和平邑甜茶,后两者间无显著差异。0~20 cm土壤的碳储量(57.86~80.91 t·hm-2)显著高于20~40 cm(20.15~25.97 t·hm-2)、40~60 cm(11.54~14.62 t·hm-2)及60~100 cm(17.41~33.98 t·hm-2)土层。‘金冠’/山定子砧穗组合单位面积碳储量值最高;各砧穗组合碳储量经济价值差异不大,平均17.084万元·hm-2
  • 图  1  不同砧穗组合苹果树的植株碳储量

    “*”表示接穗品种间在P < 0.05水平差异显著, “ns”表示砧木类型间无显著差异。

    Figure  1.  Plant carbon storage of apple trees of each graft combinations

    "*" indicates significant differences between scion cultivars at P < 0.05 level; "ns" indicates no significant differences among stock genotypes.

    图  2  不同砧穗组合苹果树的枯落物碳储量

    “*”和“**”表示接穗品种间或砧木类型间在P < 0.05和P < 0.01水平差异显著, “ns”表示砧木类型间无显著差异。

    Figure  2.  Carbon storage of litter of apple trees of different grafting combinations

    "*" and "**" indicate significant differences among scion cultivars or stock genotypes at P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 levels, respectively; "ns" indicates no significant differences among stock genotypes.

    表  1  不同苹果砧穗组合生长状况

    Table  1.   Growth status of different apple grafting combinations cm

    接穗品种
    Scion cultivar
    砧木类型
    Stock genotype
    株高
    Plant height
    基径
    Trunk diameter
    冠幅
    Mean crown width
    富士
    Fuji
    八棱海棠Malus micromalus 462.33±18.37a 11.27±1.29abc 340.51±26.54a
    山定子Malus baccata 468.67±23.1a 11.52±0.58ab 377.50±28.94a
    平邑甜茶Malus hupehensis 432.33±21.67a 12.21±0.66a 372.50±16.20a
    金冠
    Golden Delicious
    八棱海棠Malus micromalus 471.33±14.64a 10.16±0.44bcd 377.83±35.77a
    山定子Malus baccata 478.00±7.48a 9.89±0.13cd 290.61±14.36 a
    平邑甜茶Malus hupehensis 440.33±26.74a 9.61±0.42d 302.00±20.82a
    不同小写字母表示不同砧穗组合间在P < 0.05水平差异显著。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different grafting combinations at P < 0.05.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同砧穗组合苹果树各器官平均生物量和含碳率

    Table  2.   Average biomass and carbon content of each organ of apple trees of different grafting combinations

    接穗品种
    Scion cultivar
    砧木类型
    Stock genotype
    生物量Biomass (kg) 含碳率Carbon content (g·kg-1)
    树干
    Trunk
    树枝
    Branches
    根系
    Root
    树干
    Trunk
    树枝
    Branches
    根系
    Root
    富士
    Fuji
    八棱海棠Malus micromalus 25.57±5.45a 13.20±1.75ab 14.55±1.17ab 41.77±0.35c 42.71±3.17a 44.47±1.04a
    山定子Malus baccata 23.60±2.59ab 16.50±2.27a 17.67±2.76ab 42.66±0.20abc 42.82±1.29a 44.19±0.58a
    平邑甜茶Malus hupehensis 26.27±1.98a 18.64±2.95a 18.90±4.04a 42.46±1.00bc 41.92±0.86a 44.76±0.55a
    金冠
    Golden Delicious
    八棱海棠Malus micromalus 22.50±4.82ab 15.71±4.30ab 13.15±2.04ab 42.08±0.39c 43.47±1.06a 44.52±0.63a
    山定子Malus baccata 19.27±4.50ab 13.90±1.42ab 16.92±2.65ab 43.10±0.47ab 42.56±0.45a 45.00±0.75a
    平邑甜茶Malus hupehensis 12.43±3.98ab 12.28±0.99b 11.97±1.57b 43.62±0.32a 42.65±0.35a 45.50±0.31a
    不同小写字母表示不同砧穗组合间在P < 0.05水平差异显著。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different grafting combinations at P < 0.05 level.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  基于基径(X)预测苹果各器官生物量(Y)的模型

    Table  3.   Allometric models for predicting biomass of each organ of apple trees (Y) by diameter (X)

    器官Organ Y=aXb
    a b R2 P
    树干Trunk 0.6841 1.2722 0.4344 0.0029
    树枝Branches 0.0864 2.3043 0.4838 0.0013
    根系Roots 0.8503 1.2133 0.3302 0.0126
    地上部
    Aboveground part
    0.9533 1.6704 0.5889 0.0002
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  不同砧穗组合苹果树各器官平均碳储量

    Table  4.   Average carbon storage of each organ of apple trees of different grafting combinations kg

    接穗品种
    Scion cultivar
    砧木类型
    Stock genotype
    碳储量Carbon storage 植株碳储量
    Carbon storage of plant
    树干Trunk 树枝Branches 根系root
    富士
    Fuji
    八棱海棠Malus micromalus 10.68±2.30a 5.60±1.07ab 6.46±0.39a 22.75±2.16ab
    山定子Malus baccata 10.07±1.14ab 7.08±1.11a 7.82±2.85a 22.39±2.67a
    平邑甜茶Malus hupehensis 11.13±0.57a 7.20±1.39a 8.47±1.91a 26.80±1.57a
    金冠
    Golden Delicious
    八棱海棠Malus micromalus 9.45±1.93ab 6.20±1.99ab 5.80±0.93a 21.45±4.83ab
    山定子Malus baccata 8.30±1.91ab 5.93±0.66ab 7.62±1.08a 21.85±0.76ab
    平邑甜茶Malus hupehensis 5.43±2.16b 4.60±0.39b 5.45±0.75a 15.47±3.30b
    不同小写字母表示不同砧穗组合间在P < 0.05水平差异显著。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different grafting combinations at P < 0.05.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  不同砧穗组合苹果的不同土层和枯落物碳储量

    Table  5.   Soil carbon storage in different soil layers of apple trees of different grafting combinations t·hm-2

    接穗品种
    Scion cultivar
    砧木类型
    Stock genotype
    土层Soil layer (cm) 枯落物
    Litter
    0~20 20~40 40~60 60~100 合计Tota
    富士
    Fuji
    八棱海棠Malus micromalus 57.86±2.79bA 25.97±0.24aB 13.10±1.93bC 30.17±3.56aD 127.10±1.76abc 15.28±0.44c
    山定子Malus baccata 60.38±3.41bA 22.83±0.77bcC 17.10±2.37aD 28.36±1.14aB 128.72±6.16abc 26.95±0.79a
    平邑甜茶Malus hupehensis 61.43±2.74bA 20.15±2.019dC 12.21±0.80bD 26.70±1.66aB 120.49±1.41c 16.57±0.44c
    金冠
    Golden Delicious
    八棱海棠Malus micromalus 61.94±3.42bA 24.71±2.56abB 11.54±1.92bC 27.45±5.93aB 125.64±±9.28bc 20.73±0.54b
    山定子Malus baccata 63.12±3.07bA 22.37±1.01cC 14.62±1.50abD 33.98±1.04aB 134.09±±2.56ab 26.38±0.73a
    平邑甜茶Malus hupehensis 80.91±5.55aA 22.75±0.27cB 14.60±0.21abC 17.41±5.58bBC 135.67±0.73a 25.94±0.72a
    不同小写字母表示同一土层不同砧穗组合间在P < 0.05水平差异显著, 不同大写字母表示同一砧穗组合不同土层间在P < 0.05水平差异显著。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different grafting combinations in the same soil layer at P < 0.05 level; different capital letters indicate significant differences among different soil layers for the same grafting combination at P < 0.05 level.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  不同砧穗组合苹果树单位面积碳储量及年固碳经济价值

    Table  6.   Carbon reserves and annual carbon-fixing economic values of apple trees of different grafting combinations

    砧木品种
    Scion cultivar
    接穗类型
    Stock genotype
    单位面积碳储量
    Carbon storage per unit area (t·hm-2)
    固碳价值
    Value of carbon sequestration (×104 ¥·hm-2)
    土壤
    Soil
    植株
    Plant
    枯落物
    Litter
    系统
    System
    土壤
    Soil
    树体
    Plant
    枯落物
    Litter
    系统
    System
    富士
    Fuji
    八棱海棠Malus micromalus 127.10 13.67 0.15 140.92 15.252 1.6404 0.0180 16.910
    山定子Malus baccata 128.72 14.97 0.27 143.96 15.446 1.7964 0.0324 17.275
    平邑甜茶Malus hupehensis 120.49 16.46 0.17 137.12 14.459 1.9752 0.0204 16.454
    金冠
    Golden Delicious
    八棱海棠Malus micromalus 125.64 13.29 0.21 139.14 15.077 1.5948 0.0252 16.697
    山定子Malus baccata 134.09 13.12 0.26 147.47 16.091 1.5744 0.0312 17.696
    平邑甜茶Malus hupehensis 135.67 9.66 0.26 145.59 16.280 1.1592 0.0312 17.471
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2020-09-24
  • 录用日期:  2021-04-21
  • 刊出日期:  2021-08-01

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