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黄河三角洲盐渍土有机氮组成及氮有效性对土壤含盐量的响应

孙瀚 屈杰 王晓雯 郑文魁 李成亮 刘艳丽

孙瀚, 屈杰, 王晓雯, 郑文魁, 李成亮, 刘艳丽. 黄河三角洲盐渍土有机氮组成及氮有效性对土壤含盐量的响应[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2021, 29(8): 1397-1404. doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.210002
引用本文: 孙瀚, 屈杰, 王晓雯, 郑文魁, 李成亮, 刘艳丽. 黄河三角洲盐渍土有机氮组成及氮有效性对土壤含盐量的响应[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2021, 29(8): 1397-1404. doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.210002
SUN Han, QU Jie, WANG Xiaowen, ZHENG Wenkui, LI Chengliang, LIU Yanli. The response of soil organic nitrogen fractions and nitrogen availability to salinity in saline soils of the Yellow River Delta[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2021, 29(8): 1397-1404. doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.210002
Citation: SUN Han, QU Jie, WANG Xiaowen, ZHENG Wenkui, LI Chengliang, LIU Yanli. The response of soil organic nitrogen fractions and nitrogen availability to salinity in saline soils of the Yellow River Delta[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2021, 29(8): 1397-1404. doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.210002

黄河三角洲盐渍土有机氮组成及氮有效性对土壤含盐量的响应

doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.210002
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 42077006

国家重点研发计划项目 2018YFD0200604

详细信息
    作者简介:

    孙瀚, 主要从事土肥资源管理与高效利用的研究。E-mail: ally123sh@163.com

    通讯作者:

    刘艳丽, 主要从事土壤肥力保持与施肥效应方面的相关研究。E-mail: yanliliu2013@163.com

  • 中图分类号: S153.6

The response of soil organic nitrogen fractions and nitrogen availability to salinity in saline soils of the Yellow River Delta

Funds: 

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 42077006

the National Key Research and Development Program of China 2018YFD0200604

More Information
  • 摘要: 土壤盐分胁迫下有机氮组成及氮有效性对黄河三角洲盐渍土壤肥力的形成和生产力的提高具有重要作用。本研究采集黄河三角洲盐渍土壤区小麦-玉米轮作的3种盐渍土壤,分别为轻度盐渍土(含盐量2.28 g·kg-1,S1)、中度盐渍土(含盐量3.73 g·kg-1,S2)和重度盐渍土(含盐量6.69 g·kg-1,S3),分析不同盐分含量土壤的作物产量和土壤有机氮组分含量、无机氮含量、微生物生物量氮含量及相关酶活性等指标的变异特征,明确盐分含量对土壤有机氮组成及氮有效性的影响。结果表明:3种土壤中有机氮的酸解总氮含量是有机氮的主要组分,S1、S2和S3处理下分别占土壤总有机氮68.79%、61.60%和52.30%;不同处理下各形态含量酸解总氮为酸解铵态氮>酸解未知氮>酸解氨基酸氮>酸解氨基糖氮,且各形态含量均以S1处理显著高于S2和S3处理(P < 0.05)。非酸解氮含量在3种处理间差异不显著,且均低于酸解总氮含量,其占全氮比例随土壤含盐量增加而提高。S1处理土壤硝态氮含量(22.08 mg·kg-1)和微生物生物量氮含量(20.71 mg·kg-1)最高,显著高于其他两种处理的土壤(P < 0.05);铵态氮含量在各处理下差异不显著。S1处理的小麦、玉米总产量分别是S2和S3的1.74倍和5.85倍。回归分析发现土壤可溶性全盐含量分别与土壤无机氮、微生物生物量氮含量呈显著的负指数关系,与小麦、玉米总产量、氨基酸态氮含量之间存在显著的负线性关系。土壤无机氮含量与土壤酸解总氮含量之间呈显著的正指数关系。土壤中较高含量的可溶性全盐抑制土壤酸解有机氮的形成及氮素有效性的提高。
  • 图  1  不同盐渍土壤硝态氮和铵态氮含量

    S1: 轻度盐渍土壤; S2: 中度盐渍土壤; S3: 重度盐渍土壤。不同小写字母表示不同土壤间差异显著(P < 0.05)。

    Figure  1.  Contents of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen in soils with different salinity levels

    S1: low salinity soil; S2: moderate salinity soil; S3: high salinity soil. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among soils at P < 0.05 level.

    表  1  不同盐渍土壤部分理化性质与小麦玉米产量

    Table  1.   Partial soil characteristics and yield of wheat and maize in soils with different salinity levels

    土样
    Soil
    可溶性全盐
    Total soluble salt (g∙kg–1)
    pH 有机碳
    Organic carbon (g∙kg–1)
    小麦产量
    Wheat yield (kg∙hm–2)
    玉米产量
    Maize yield (kg∙hm–2)
    S1 2.28±0.32c 8.45±0.02c 8.59±0.16a 7260±197a 3678±227a
    S2 3.73±0.26b 8.87±0.02b 6.32±0.37b 3420±164b 2875±214b
    S3 6.69±0.51a 9.02±0.02a 5.16±0.32c 1868±117c 0c
    S1: 轻度盐渍土壤; S2: 中度盐渍土壤; S3: 重度盐渍土壤。同列数据后不同小写字母表示不同土壤间差异显著(P < 0.05)。S1: low salinity soil; S2: moderate salinity soil; S3: high salinity soil. Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences among soils at P < 0.05 level.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同盐渍土壤全氮与有机氮及其各组分含量

    Table  2.   Contents of total nitrogen and organic nitrogen and its' components in soils with different salinity levels

    土样
    Soil
    全氮
    Total N (g∙kg–1)
    酸解铵态氮
    Acidolysis
    ammonia N
    (mg∙kg–1)
    酸解氨基酸氮
    Acidolysis
    amino acidic N
    (mg∙kg–1)
    酸解氨基糖氮
    Acidolysis
    amino sugar N
    (mg∙kg–1)
    酸解未知氮
    Hydrolysable
    unknown N
    (mg∙kg–1)
    酸解总氮
    Total acid hydrolysable N (mg∙kg–1)
    非酸解氮
    Non-hydrolysable N (mg∙kg–1)
    S1 1.04±0.01a 272.48±10.12a 134.34±1.80a 61.22±4.85a 247.33±3.50a 715.37±9.84a 318.72±3.38a
    S2 0.80±0.01b 221.84±4.56b 115.30±7.33b 46.81±3.04b 108.85±9.95b 492.79±8.81b 306.26±9.58a
    S3 0.63±0.01c 140.81±1.76c 83.33±4.76c 39.51±3.12b 65.86±4.06c 329.51±7.46c 299.98±4.07a
    S1: 轻度盐渍土壤; S2: 中度盐渍土壤; S3: 重度盐渍土壤。同列数据后不同小写字母表示不同土壤间差异显著(P < 0.05)。S1: low salinity soil; S2: moderate salinity soil; S3: high salinity soil. Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences among soils at P < 0.05 level.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同盐渍土壤微生物生物量氮含量与酶活性

    Table  3.   Microbial biomass nitrogen contents and enzymes activities in soils with different salinity levels

    土样
    Soil
    脲酶活性
    Urease activity
    (mg∙g–1∙d–1)
    蛋白酶活性
    Protease activity
    (μg∙g–1∙d–1)
    硝酸还原酶活性
    Nitrate reductase activity
    (mg∙g–1∙d–1)
    微生物生物量氮含量
    Microbial biomass N content
    (mg∙kg–1)
    S1 1.26±0.13a 38.68±0.33a 0.19±0.01a 20.71±1.53a
    S2 0.66±0.01b 34.97±1.81b 0.17±0.01b 15.68±1.37b
    S3 0.42±0.04c 31.73±1.49b 0.13±0.01c 9.33±1.12c
    S1: 轻度盐渍土壤; S2: 中度盐渍土壤; S3: 重度盐渍土壤。同列数据后不同小写字母表示不同土壤间差异显著(P < 0.05)。S1: low salinity soil; S2: moderate salinity soil; S3: high salinity soil. Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences among soils at P < 0.05 level.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  盐渍土壤不同形态氮含量与土壤酶、微生物生物量氮含量的相关关系

    Table  4.   Correlation among soil microbial biomass nitrogen content, enzymes activities and contents of nitrogen components in saline soils

    ${\rm{NO}}_3^ - {\rm{ - N}}$ ${\rm{NH}}_{\rm{4}}^{\rm{ + }}{\rm{ - N}}$ 酸解铵
    态氮
    Acidolysis
    ammonia
    N
    酸解氨基
    酸氮
    Acidolysis
    amino acidic N
    酸解氨基
    糖氮
    Acidolysis
    amino
    sugar N
    酸解未知氮
    Hydrolysable
    unknown N
    非酸解氮
    Non-
    hydrolysable N
    微生物生物量氮
    Microbial biomass N
    脲酶
    Urease
    蛋白酶
    Protease
    硝酸
    还原酶
    Nitrate reductase
    ${\rm{NO}}_3^ - {\rm{ - N}}$ 1.000 –0.455 0.748** 0.148 0.193 0.794** 0.576 0.986** 0.951** 0.629 0.933**
    ${\rm{NH}}_{\rm{4}}^{\rm{ + }}{\rm{ - N}}$ 1.000 –0.135 0.216 0.014 –0.315 –0.399 –0.052 –0.372 –0.151 0.005
    酸解铵态氮
    Ammonia N
    1.000 0.947** 0.735* 0.887** 0.636 0.952** 0.881** 0.698* 0.614*
    酸解氨基酸氮
    Amino acidic N
    1.000 0.736* 0.798* 0.720* 0.774** 0.388 0.705* 0.858**
    酸解氨基糖氮
    Acidolysis
    amino sugar N
    1.000 0.854** 0.390 0.771** 0.441 0.771* 0.709**
    酸解未知氮
    Hydrolysable unknown N
    1.000 0.558 0.855** 0.900** 0.689* 0.479
    非酸解氮
    Non-
    hydrolysable N
    1.000 0.528 0.622 0.507 0.556
    微生物生物量氮
    Microbial
    biomass N
    1.000 0.804** 0.819** 0.711**
    脲酶
    Urease
    1.000 0.545 0.328
    蛋白酶
    Protease
    1.000 0.613
    硝酸还原酶
    Nitrate reductase
    1.000
    *、**分别表示在P < 5%和P < 1%水平相关性显著。* and ** indicate significant correlations at P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 levels, respectively (n=15).
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  不同盐渍土壤可溶性全盐含量与相关指标的回归拟合模型

    Table  5.   Regression model between the content of soil total soluble salt and correlative indexes in saline soils

    因变量
    Dependent variable (Y)
    自变量
    Independent variable (X)
    回归方程
    Regression equation
    决定系数R2
    Coefficient of determination
    小麦玉米总产量Total yield of wheat and maize 土壤可溶性全盐
    Soil total soluble salt
    Y=14759–1954X 0.8940
    酸解总氮Total acid hydrolysable N Y=861.55–81.82X 0.9090
    氨态氮Ammonia N Y=382.68e–0.15X 0.9627
    氨基酸态氮Amino acidic N Y=157.70–10.95X 0.8261
    氨基糖态氮Amino sugar N Y=71.774e–0.094X 0.6802
    未知态氮Hydrolysable unknown N Y=401.32e–0.28X 0.8664
    微生物生物量氮Microbial biomass N Y=8.84+52.95e–0.75X 0.8411
    无机氮含量Inorganic-N Y=20.79+50.60e–0.75X 0.8109
    无机氮含量Inorganic-N 酸解总氮
    Total acid hydrolysable N
    Y=20.20+0.17e0.0057X 0.9110
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-01-03
  • 录用日期:  2021-04-22
  • 刊出日期:  2021-08-01

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