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稻麦轮作体系两种氨挥发监测方法比较研究

王远 闵炬 史培华 马明坤 郝雅琼 施卫明

王远, 闵炬, 史培华, 马明坤, 郝雅琼, 施卫明. 稻麦轮作体系两种氨挥发监测方法比较研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2021, 29(12): 1990−2001 doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.210210
引用本文: 王远, 闵炬, 史培华, 马明坤, 郝雅琼, 施卫明. 稻麦轮作体系两种氨挥发监测方法比较研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2021, 29(12): 1990−2001 doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.210210
WANG Y, MIN J, SHI P H, MA M K, HAO Y Q, SHI W M. Comparison of two monitoring methods for ammonia volatilization based on rice-wheat rotation system[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2021, 29(12): 1990−2001 doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.210210
Citation: WANG Y, MIN J, SHI P H, MA M K, HAO Y Q, SHI W M. Comparison of two monitoring methods for ammonia volatilization based on rice-wheat rotation system[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2021, 29(12): 1990−2001 doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.210210

稻麦轮作体系两种氨挥发监测方法比较研究

doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.210210
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0801102)、山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY010701)和江苏省自然科学基金(BK20170586)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    王远, 主要研究方向为农田面源污染防控和作物氮素营养诊断。E-mail: wangyuan@issas.ac.cn

    通讯作者:

    施卫明, 主要研究方向为农田面源污染防控和植物营养分子生物学。E-mail: wmshi@issas.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: X511; S-3

Comparison of two monitoring methods for ammonia volatilization based on rice-wheat rotation system

Funds: This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0801102), the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province of China (2019JZZY010701) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (BK20170586)
More Information
  • 摘要: 氨挥发是农田活性氮损失的重要途径, 准确、有效地测定农田氨排放量是环境评估和政策制定的基础。由于氨挥发监测方法多样, 且方法间缺少系统的对比分析, 在一定程度上限制了相关研究数据的进一步利用。我国应用最广泛的氨挥发监测方法是通气式海绵吸收法和密闭室间歇抽气法, 目前, 两种监测方法仍缺少大田条件下的实测对比。本研究在不同施氮量处理下, 于水稻-小麦轮作系统作物生长期同时采用这两种方法对土壤氨挥发排放进行连续监测。结果表明, 在3个施氮水平下, 通气式海绵吸收法测得的氨挥发累积量低于密闭室间歇抽气法25%~35%, 稻麦两季结果一致, 两方法测试值的变化趋势也一致。通气式海绵吸收法在稻季测得累积氨挥发量为17.36~43.90 kg∙hm−2, 麦季为5.90~20.43 kg∙hm−2, 排放系数为2.56%~10.39%; 密闭室间歇抽气法在稻季测得累积氨挥发量为23.28~61.05 kg∙hm−2, 麦季为14.63~27.73 kg∙hm−2, 排放系数为7.09%~15.01%。相同研究区域的文献调研表明, 当施氮量为101~300 k∙hm−2时, 通气式海绵吸收法比密闭室间歇抽气法低5%~25%, 与实测数据趋势相同。基于本研究和文献调研结果, 推荐通过这两种监测方法获取的氨挥发量在施氮量低于100 kg∙hm−2时可不转换, 施氮量高于100 kg∙hm−2时可按照密闭室间歇抽气法的75%转换为通气式海绵吸收法。
  • 图  1  试验期间试验点的日均温和降雨量

    黑色箭头表示施肥事件。The black arrows indicate fertilization events.

    Figure  1.  Average daily temperature and rainfall at the experimental site during the experiment period

    图  2  水稻季不同施肥期两种氨挥发监测方法测定的土壤氨挥发速率

    Figure  2.  Soil ammonia volatilization rates relative to fertilization period in the rice season measured by two ammonia volatilization monitoring methods

    图  3  两种氨挥发监测方法测定的水稻季土壤累积氨挥发量

    不同小写字母表示同一处理下两种氨挥发监测方法间差异显著(P<0.05)。Different letters mean significant difference between two ammonia volatilization monitoring methods under the same treatment (P<0.05).

    Figure  3.  Accumulative ammonia emission in the rice season measured by two ammonia volatilization monitoring methods

    图  4  小麦季不同施肥期两种氨挥发监测方法测定的土壤氨挥发速率

    Figure  4.  Soil ammonia volatilization rates relative to fertilization period in the wheat season measured by two ammonia volatilization monitoring methods

    图  5  两种氨挥发监测方法测定的小麦季土壤累积氨挥发量

    不同小写字母表示同一处理下两种氨挥发监测方法间差异显著(P<0.05)。Different letters mean significant difference between two ammonia volatilization monitoring methods under the same treatment (P<0.05).

    Figure  5.  Accumulative ammonia emission in the wheat season measured by two ammonia volatilization monitoring methods

    图  6  两种氨挥发监测方法测定的氨挥发通量比较

    Figure  6.  Comparison of NH3 fluxes between the two ammonia volatilization monitoring methods

    图  7  两种氨挥发监测方法测定的排放系数文献调研分析

    括号内数字为相应的样本量。The numbers in brackets are the corresponding sample sizes.

    Figure  7.  Literature analysis on NH3 emission factor of the two ammonia volatilization monitoring methods

    表  1  两种氨挥发监测方法的回收率

    Table  1.   Recovery rates of the two ammonia volatilization monitoring methods

    样品号
    Sample No.
    密闭室间歇抽气法 Intermittent airflow enclosure method 通气式海绵吸收法 Ventilated sponge absorption method
    溶液挥发氨量
    NH3 volatilized from the source solution (mg, N)
    装置吸收氨量
    NH3 trapped by the equipment (mg, N)
    回收率
    Recovery rate (%)
    溶液挥发氨量
    NH3 volatilized from the source solution (mg, N)
    装置吸收氨量
    NH3 trapped by the equipment (mg, N)
    回收率 Recovery rate (%)
    1 6.12 6.30 102.97 6.30 5.98 94.98
    2 6.32 6.28 99.37 6.38 5.92 92.77
    3 6.41 6.29 98.13 6.38 6.02 94.34
    4 6.87 6.76 98.40 6.36 6.35 99.88
    5 6.19 6.05 97.81 6.43 6.15 95.65
    6 6.25 6.33 101.20 6.41 6.23 97.19
    平均值 Mean 6.36a 6.33a 99.65a 6.38a 6.11a 95.80b
    变异系数
    Coefficient of variation (%)
    3.88 3.34 1.87 0.65 2.44 2.36
      同一测试指标平均值后不同字母表示两种氨挥发监测方法间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。Different letters after the mean value of the same indicator indicate significant differences between the two ammonia volatilization monitoring methods.
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-04-07
  • 录用日期:  2021-06-08
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-07-14
  • 刊出日期:  2021-12-07

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