1993 Vol. 1, No. 2

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The Ecological Agriculture and Its Development in China
Tao Siming
1993, 1(2): 1-5.
Abstract(1194) PDF(703)
Abstract:
From the vievpoint of combination theory and practice,this paper has expounded the theoretical bases for the development of eco-agriculture in China.The author points out that chinese ecological agriculture has four characteristice: namely,comprehansiveness,adapatability,high-efficiency and continuity.It is suggested that the technical contents of the characteristics be summarised as follows:pinpointing the production system,perfecting the material circulation,transformation system and improving man-made adaptation system.In addition ten major technical types of the ecological agriculture are discussed in this paper. The author belives that the consruction of the pilot projects in China has shown that the eco-agriculture has exuberant vitality,and is the right way to develop agriculture in China.Then it is pointed out that the eco-agricultrue in China is transforming from sectoral scientific resesarch to social productive practice.Finally it is predicted that 1990s will be a new stage for the construction of the eco-agriculture in China and there will be new breakthroughs in ten aspects.
1993, 1(2): 6-9.
Abstract(902) PDF(898)
Abstract:
Characteristics of Ecological Agriculture Practice in Zhejiang Province
Xue Yuzhong, Li Huimin, Zhang Jianrong
1993, 1(2): 10-14.
Abstract(1297) PDF(872)
Abstract:
By the principle and methodology of ecology and economics,ecological agriculture is to continuously optimize the structure and function as well as relevant component technologies to establish holistic,coordinated,sustainable and good circling agricultural system in which the developing production with rational utilizing available resources and protecting ecological environment are integrated. Based on more than 10 years experience on ecological agriculture research and construction,this paper summaried 10 characteristics of ecological agriculture practice in Zhejiang province.From the points of the view on programming,research,practice,management and extension,this will provide good experience for widely implementing and extending the practice of ecological agriculture.
Chinese Agricultural Modernization and the Analysis of the Eco-economy at Its Different Developing Stage
Shen Hengli, Kang Xiaoguang, Zhang Weidong
1993, 1(2): 15-26.
Abstract(1166) PDF(827)
Abstract:
Based on the recognization of that the essence of the "backward" is the unrational structure which is the cause of unfully utilization the available resources,the authors pointed out in this paper that development is the changing processes of structure and function,overcoming and alternating limited factors.Agriculture can be generalized as the body of four processes;ecology,product,yield,technical and economy.The different combination of those four processecs forms different kinds of agriculture which can be divided into three developing stages:preliminary,developing and developed.At different stages there are different structures,functions,producing function,development goals and limited factors.The joining of those stages constitutes the processes of agricultural modernization.So when focus on agricultural development in a country the eco-economy type and developing stage should be identified.then goals of development can be correctly choiced and structures can be effectively adjusted.
A Tentative Idea About the Framevork of Eco-economic Theory Under the Adjustment of Market Economy
Jiang Xuemin, Zhang Anlu
1993, 1(2): 27-30.
Abstract(1365) PDF(961)
Abstract:
On the basis of recall the developing history and analysis os some problems in eco-economics research in the past ten years,the authors pointed out in this paper that we should carry on futher researches on eco-economic theory by taking sustainable development as a goal and supply-demand relationship of eco-economics as a main axis under the adjustment of market economy.And then a preliminary approach on future eco-economic theory was carried out.
A Study on the Obstructions,Regularity and Counter-measures of Sustainable Agricultural Development in China
Wang Hong-guang
1993, 1(2): 31-39.
Abstract(1082) PDF(859)
Abstract:
In this paper the background and connotation of sustainable agriculture,the obstructions,regularity and counter-measures of Chinese agricultural system were studied.The results are that Chinese agricultural system is suffering four groups obstructions coming from natural,technological,economic and social factors.In order to achieve better economic results and high yield simultaneously the thory of productive element combined should be observed.The counter-measures that will keep and enhance the stability of the agricultural system are to preserve and improve natural resources,use advanced technologies,set up maket economic and make a series of policy to keep and enhance farmers'benefits.
Desertification Problem and Its Control Strategy in Northern China
Dong Yuxiang, Zhu Zhenda
1993, 1(2): 40-45.
Abstract(1534) PDF(1165)
Abstract:
Desertification is one of the most important global problems,it has considerably affected the social and economic development in northern China.The control of desertification has also been the most important ecological constructive project.This paper discusses the basic status of desertification problem,analysis its causes and predicts its development trend through analysis of desertification damages in northern China.On the base of above-mentioned,the strategic target,step and basic measures to control desertification in arid and semi-arid regions in northern China are put forward.
An Eco-agricultural Plan for Water Environment Protection in Hill Area——A Case Study from Wendeng
Mou Haisheng, Cheng Jian
1993, 1(2): 46-50.
Abstract(954) PDF(915)
Abstract:
In order to work out the water pollution control plan for Wenden area,the authors analysed the structures and functions of the water environment in this area based on ecosystem theory.The ecological problems were expounded,and some eco-agricultural measures for water pollution control were recommended.Then an eco-agricultural plan was developed for regional water environmental protection in Wendeng area of Shandong province.
The Agricultural Model for the Water-deficit Region in the Lower Plain of the Haihe River Basin
Tian Kuixiang
1993, 1(2): 51-57.
Abstract(1264) PDF(848)
Abstract:
The water--deficit region in the lower plain of Haihe river basin is located at the east of the Fuyang river.It occupies 12000 km2.In this region the agricultural productivity is very lower;the soil is salinized and the water resources are limited.The research and experience of the comprehensive agricultural production by the Napi research group during the past ten years have proved that the reliable agricultural ecological model for the continously agricultural development of this region is based on the comprehansive adjustment and control of the water,fertilizer and salt,optimum planting of grain,cotton and pasture according to the water resource,ecological allocation of forestry,fruit and date(Jujube).In this paper the characteristics,structure and functions of the ecological factors of this region are summarized.The techniques for the adjustment of agricultural ecological system was also discussed.
The Allocation Structure of an Eco-agricultural Resource-saving Model
Lu Fubao, Wang Shaoren
1993, 1(2): 58-62.
Abstract(1270) PDF(979)
Abstract:
In this paper the conceptions of the eco-agricultural system and model were described.The authors pointed out that the designing principles of the resources-saving model are to adopt measures to local condition,to go and return in following a circle,to open system and to optimize structure,By this the allocation structure of an eco-agricultural resource-saving model was delivered according to the situation of the agricultural development in the plain located in front of mountain Taihang.
Correlative Analysis of the Relationship of the Comprehensive Exploitation the Rural Energy Resources and the Development of the Rural Economy in Huabei Plain
Luo Zhentao, Lou Binggang, Cui Jianwei
1993, 1(2): 63-69.
Abstract(1030) PDF(927)
Abstract:
This paper recounts the model of comprehensive exploitation of the rural energy resources and its benefits in Hejian County in China.The relationship between the comprehensive cxploitation of the rural energy resources and the development of the rural economy was analysed by means of correlative analysis.The results indicate that under the condition that the commercial energy can not meet the need,comprehensive exploitation the rural energy resources is the motive force of the sustainable development for rural economy.
Studies on the Regional Distribution of the Main Superior Pear Cultivars and Their Optimum Ecological Indexes in China
Hu Guoqian, Chen Kai, Zhou Weizhou, Li Yuquan, Zhu Youquan, Li Qing, Xu Chengyue
1993, 1(2): 70-73.
Abstract(1169) PDF(1086)
Abstract:
In this paper a datum base was estabilished by a microcomputer system and dABSE III using ecological date collected from the areas of the main superior pear cultivars which were appraised by the Ministry of Agriculture through twice nationwide comparisions during the 1980s.The proprtion of productions,geographical distribution and optimum ecological indexes of the main superior pear cultivars were evaluated according to the statistical analysis of the data.The ecological adaptability of the cultivars were also analysed.Furthermore,a regional assignment and production planning were discussed with suggestions given for the national programme to adapt those cultivars in future.
The Development of the Wasteland and Its Optimum Scale Management--Hints from Developing Wasteland in Nanpi County,Hebei Province
Chen Hong-en et al
1993, 1(2): 74-80.
Abstract(1245) PDF(941)
Abstract:
It is a urgent problem need to be solved in today's agricultural development that how to exploit and utilize wasteland resources and improve environmental quality under the situation of the area of cropland declining sharply and the deterioration of environment.For this reason we conducted the experiment on developing wasteland in Nanpi county of Hebei province and have got achievements by drawing lesson from the past,using the method of optimum scale management,especialy using the land optimum scale management.In addition we also found that during the development of the waste-land the local resource potential could be fully recognized and the pressure of employment of the rural force could be reliefed.Then developing waseland is a viable way for the development of agricultural production in undeveloped region.
Effecots of Doubled CO2 Level on the Growth and Development of Rice(Oryza sativa L,cv.Aixiangnuo)
Fu Kai, Cao Jianzhong, Bai Kezhi
1993, 1(2): 81-83.
Abstract(920) PDF(917)
Abstract:
Rice plant (Oryza Sativa L,cv. Aixiangnuo) was grown at 350 and 700ppm CO2 open top chambers respectively after transplanting.Some characteristics of growth and development of the plant were observed.Results showed that rice grown at doubled CO2 concentration,compared with that grown at ambient air,its root dry weight increased by 23%,plant height increased by 12%,number of seed set/panicle increased by 29% and grain weight/plant increased by 41%.Current research progress in this area was also discussed.
A Study on the Rooting Method of Test-tube Plantlet by Air-culture and Its Application to Industrialized Micropropagation
Chen Wenlong, Feng Xuezan, Liu Liqiu
1993, 1(2): 84-88.
Abstract(1166) PDF(953)
Abstract:
This paprer presented a new rooting method--rooting by air-culture,which proceeded rooting of test-tube plantlets of Populus Tomentosa Carr,with saturated humidity air instead of medium.It may simplify the traditional rooting procedure of plant tissue culture.It needn't exactitude sterilization and can be performed out of test-tube.This kind of rooted plantlets has high adaptability to outside environments.So a high survival rate can be gained when it was transplanted.Aplication this method to industrialized micropopagation can acheive a higher propagation index and production efficency,and reduce the cost of test-tube plantlets by 35%or more.Sucrose solution and CO2 enrichment have a obviously promoting effect on the rooting of microcuttings.
Utilization of the Water Absorbent in Water-saving Agriculture
Shi Lanbo, Li Yunyin
1993, 1(2): 89-93.
Abstract(1301) PDF(849)
Abstract:
In this paper the effects of coating water absorbent to seeds on their germination and the effects of soaking roots of seedling fruit trees in water absorbent on their survival rate were studied.The results shows that the seeds of soybean and mung bean whose protein content are high have higher germination rate when coated with water absorbent compared with uncoated seeds.But there was no effect founded with corn and wheat seeds which have a high content of starch.The results also indicate that when roots of fruit seedlings soaked in a high concentration water absorbent the survival rate was decreased,but in low concentration the rate was increased.

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