1995 Vol. 3, No. 2

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1995, 3(2): 1-3.
Abstract(932) PDF(1114)
Abstract:
Analysis of the Ecoagricultural Models in Major Type of Regions in China
Bi Xudai, Ban Yong
1995, 3(2): 4-9.
Abstract(991) PDF(976)
Abstract:
Features of regional distribution of the primary ecoagricultural models in the north,north-west and central-south of China were analysed in this paper.Suitable ecoagricultural models for defferent regions were also studied.Based on the analysis,it was pointed out that reducing arable land area and expanding forest area(including economic forest and vegetation)in boundaries of mountain regions can promote the development of eco-agriculture and reach the purpose of compensation mechanism in developing resources and environment.Then agriculture can be developed with high yield,fine quanlity and high efficiency.
Effects of Mycorrhiza Preinoculation on the Active Oxygen Metabolism of Sugarcane Leaves Under Water Stress Conditions
Wang Yuanzhen, Zhang Muqing, Ke Yuqin, Pan Tingguo, Huang Zuping, Liu Wei
1995, 3(2): 10-15.
Abstract(1080) PDF(988)
Abstract:
Effects of G.Mosseae and C.Lilacina on drought-resistance of sugarceane were carried out in greenhouse.Sugarcane seedlings were preinoculated with mycorrhiza fungus and then transplanted to pots.It was indicated that inoculations with mycorrhiza fungus led to the increase of drought-resistance of the plant.The accumulation of active oxygen and the peroxidation,which resulted in the raising of plasma plant.The accumulation of active oxygen and the peroxidation,which resulted in the raising of plasma permeability and the activities of Mg2+-ATPase and CA2+-ATPase,were lessened with the decrease of O-2 production rate and the enhancement of active oxygen scavenger capacity such as the increase of SOD and CAT activity and GSH content. The results also showed that to enhance the drought-resistance of sugarcane affected by water stresses,combinative inoculation with G. mosseas, C.lilacinaand Azotobacter sp. was better than their single or double inoculation,respectively.
Starch Gel and Tissue Culture:II. Synchronized Effects of Corn Starch Gel Medium on Rooting Induction of Malus Zumi and M26
Jiao Shunxing, Chen Wenlong, Wang Yuzhen
1995, 3(2): 16-19.
Abstract(1222) PDF(1021)
Abstract:
Malus zumi and M26 dwarfing stocks for apple trees were cultured in agar medium and corn starch gel medium(CSM),respectively.The results showed that the CSM not only increased rooting rate in of the two species,but also had synchronized effests on rooting induction.For example,the rooting rate in CSM reached 85-98%,23-30% higher than that in agar medium,and the rooting differentiation was completed in about 2 to 3 days,which was also shorter than that in agar medium.HPLC analysis of free amino acids of M. zumi demonstrated that the CSM inhabited the increase of the content of Arg,Val,Phe,Leu,ORn,and stimulated further reduction of other free amino acids in rooting culture.
Effects of CO2 Concentrations on the Growth and Yield of Cotton
Bai Yueming, Wang Chunyi, Wen Min
1995, 3(2): 20-25.
Abstract(1175) PDF(1125)
Abstract:
Experiments of CO2 concentration at 700ppm,500ppm and natural condition on the effects of cotton growth and development,yield formation were carried out by using OTC-1 open top chamber. The results showed that increasing CO2 concentration especially when CO2 concentration especially when CO2 concentration at double level of the natural condition,the growth and development,biomass production and yield of cotton were all greatly improved.
A Study on the "Pond Fir-Fish-Duck"Eco-agroforest Model
Tao Zhan, Wang Hongqing, Cai Huaichun, Chen Zhisheng
1995, 3(2): 26-32.
Abstract(876) PDF(985)
Abstract:
An new eco-agro-forest model,in which pond fir trees(Taxodium ascendens)are planted,among the pond fir trees different fishes and duchs raised according to their water tolerant ability,has been established in Zhangduhu State Farm in Xinzhou County,Hubei province.It is found that the mean income per area of this pattern was over three times higher than that of fish pond with no trees and that of pond fir trees with no fish after eight years continuous operation,meanwhile lots of birds were attracted to this region to live. The local environment were improved and costs of controlling diseases and harmful insects were also been reduced.This pattern has a broad extending prospects in regions with water net-works in sub-tropic and warm temperature zones.
Energy,Material and Value Transfer and Utilization in Multi-grade utilization of Organic Waste Materials
Sun Guochao, Shao Tingjie, Sha Shijin, Zhou Shaoying, Liu Kexin
1995, 3(2): 33-41.
Abstract(863) PDF(831)
Abstract:
Energy,material and value transfer and utilization of six models,in which generatingmethane is the link,and which are generally adopted in villages in China,are studied and investigated in this paper.
Economic Benefits of Combination of Farming with Animal Husbandary and Its Effects on Soil Fertility
Gao Zuenling, Wei Youqing, Xu Jianxia, Yin Guanglan
1995, 3(2): 42-48.
Abstract(1036) PDF(874)
Abstract:
Experiments and investigations to 5 types,total 24 households in Lingxian Experimental Region,CAAS,showed that combining farming with animal-husbandary can fully utilize social natural resources,achieve high economic benefits,reduce fertilizer input and guarantee the high and stable production of agriculture.With the increasing of livestock raised,soil nutrient contents such as organic matter,total N,alkaline Nwere increased,and soil total Pand available P were also improved along with the increasing input of organic and inorganic phosphorus fertilizers.According to a 14 comprehensive benefit index,farming/chicken raising and farming/cattle breeding had the highest benefits,farming/sheep raising and farming/pig raising followed as the next,single farming had the lowest benefits.So combination of farming with animal husbandary can improve economic benefits of households and also can increase soil fertility.
Species selection and Horizontal Structure Design for Living Hedge in Slopeland Amelioration
Shi Xun
1995, 3(2): 49-53.
Abstract(1459) PDF(911)
Abstract:
Planting living hedges is a recommendable way for soil and water conservation in slopeland.Species selection and horizontal design are two most important technologies for this metod.The criteria of species selection for living hedge provided by this paper covers four aspects:ecological adaptability,ecological benefit,economic benefit and harmful effects on crops.Each aspect includes several criteria in morphology and productivity.For the horizontal design,proper distance between two living hedge rows,proper distance between two living hedge plants and some typical kinds of structures of living hedge row were discussed in this paper.And theoretical formulas of distance between hedge rows and between hedge plants are also deduced.
A Preliminary Report on a Complex Eco-agro-model in Low Output Peddy Field in Southern Karst Region
Liang Qibiao, Lin Dunjin, Luo Hongfei
1995, 3(2): 54-59.
Abstract(1031) PDF(890)
Abstract:
Experiments on a complex eco-agro-model: rice+sugarcane+fish+mushroom+vegetables,were carried out in Guangxi Karst Region in Southern China according to the principles of agroecology and the technologies of modern agriculture.The results showed that annual output per hectare reached 4.65t for rice,24.65t for sugarcane,0.77t for fish,15.50t for mushroom and 2.33t for vegetables with a total output value at 54411 Yuan,net income at 34935 Yuan.The ratio of output-investment was 2.79:1.The output value was 8.4 times higher than that of the controlled (double cropping of rice),and net income was 10.1 times higher than that of the controlled.
Effects of Urban Refuse Compost on Soil Environmental Capacity
Zhang Yanyi, Le Xiaoqiu, Jin Tao
1995, 3(2): 60-64.
Abstract(1299) PDF(1107)
Abstract:
Effects of applying different quantity of urban refuse compost on soil physical and chemical properties,heavy mental accumulation and crop growth were analysed in this paper,Meanwhile,affecting factors of the urban refuse compost on soil environmental capacity were also discussed,which provided scientific basis for formulation of the standard in utlization of the urban refuse compost.
Studies on Limited Irrigation and Water-saving Cultivation in Haihe Lowland Plain
Li Jinsheng, Bai Xianwen
1995, 3(2): 65-70.
Abstract(1178) PDF(1027)
Abstract:
In the light of the existing status of shortage of water resources and increasingly intensified drought in Haihe Lowland Plain,systematic studies were carried out on water dynamics of the limited irrigation farmland,growth and development of the main crops and their fertilizer and water repuirements as well as fertilizer-water combination principles,Through adjusting crop distribution,optimizing cropping patterns,selecting anti-drought and fertilizer-adaptable varieties,using water and fertilizer monitoring and implementing tillage practices for anti-drought and water-saving and ect.,a series of techniques for approaches on limited irrigation were developed with yield stably increased and water use efficiency doubled.
Energy Flow in Winter Wheat-Corn Farmland Ecosystem Under Conservational Tillage System
Sun Haiguo, Li Wei, Ren Tusheng, Francis J.Larney, C.Wayne Lindwall
1995, 3(2): 71-74.
Abstract(903) PDF(1073)
Abstract:
The study on the utilization coefficience of input energy in farmland ecosystem is an important part in sustainable agriculture research.The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of energy flow in farmland ecosystem in which two crops (winter wheat and corn)were planted around a year under four tillage systems.The experiment was carried out in Hengshui,Hebei on a loam soil from 1992 to 1994.The results indicated that there were no significant differences between output energy,and the changes in entropy of thewinter wheat and corn farmland ecosystems under the four tillage systems.But input energy utilization rate of the zero tillage system was significantly higher than that of the other three tillage systems.
Courtyard Ecoagricultural Engineering Model and Its Beneficial Results in North China
Dong Shuping
1995, 3(2): 75-78.
Abstract(1051) PDF(931)
Abstract:
Courtyard eco-agro-engineering model is by generating marsh gas to multi-grade utilization of materials and energy,turn the functions of each subsystem into the linkage of the model,and combine the three systems of producer,consumer and restorer to achieve high economic,ecological and social beneficial results.The annual economic results of this model was aboout 10,000 yuan,light utilization rate,assimilation and bio-energy utilization were increased.This model can solve the problems in combination of vegetable planting and pig raising using greenhouses as well as generating marsh gas in winter.In this model the residues from generating boigas were returned to farmland,then soil fertility was increased.
Energy and Material Flows in the Household Ecosystem in Panjin Region
Zhu Qinghai, Xu Chunhe, Mao Yan, Wang Dian
1995, 3(2): 79-82.
Abstract(1051) PDF(914)
Abstract:
The structure,level and efficiency of energy input as well as farmland nutrient balance and material transfer for a household in Yushu Farm in Dawa County of Liaoning province were analysed in this study.Results showed that energy and materials input were mainly organic.There were surplus of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the farmland soil pool.Energy conversion rate was higher because of the feedback of materials in the system.
A Method for Calculation of Effective Soil Water Content Using Meteorological Data
Mao Xuesen, Wang Xinyuan
1995, 3(2): 83-86.
Abstract(1347) PDF(1017)
Abstract:
A method using basic meteorological date for examining effective foil water content was developed based on Penmen equation,and Thornthwaite & Mather's instructions and tables for computing potential evapotranspiration and water balance.Using this method effective soil water contents in the southeast of Shanxi province and winter wheat-corn farmland in Naanpi county of Hebei province were examined and compared with the measured effective soil water contents.The results showed that this method was simple and reliable.

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