中国生态农业学报(中英文)

1996, 4(2): 1-4.

Abstract(836) PDF(20)

Abstract:

The green revolution in China-A review of the Cybernetics Ecosystem Engineering

Guan Jun-wei

1996, 4(2): 5-10.

Abstract(1233) PDF(899)

Abstract:
The theory and practice of Cybernetic Ecosystem Engineering(CESE)were discussed in relevant to the great achievements in shelterbelt network construction in China.It was concluded that the researches on biological sciences were to explore the secrets of life from the view of microcosm and how to control and utilize of the ecosystem from the view of macrocosm.Then the mechanisms among the "Blackbox","lnstantaneous Model"and"Bioproduction Unit"in the CESE as well as the importance of CESE to the forest-shelterbelt construction in China were futherly elaborated.

Outline of the eco-economic region

Tao Zhan

1996, 4(2): 11-13.

Abstract(740) PDF(872)

Abstract:
The eco-economic region is a new model for integrated development of social economy with protection of environment and resources within a certain region,which includes four essential elements:the comprehensive management institution,the eco-industries,the eco-agriculture and the eco-communities.The prerequisites for accomplishing the model were comprehensive and integrated management based on eco-economics,systematic sciences and modern scientific knowledgies.The outline of the model and its practical and theory bases were described in the paper.

Priority given by leadership and scientific programming:the prerequisite and guarantee of eco-agricultural county construction--A case study from the experimental eco-agricultural county construction of Hubei Province

Li Quan-sheng, Wang Zhao-qian, Lu Jian-bo

1996, 4(2): 14-17.

Abstract(1649) PDF(88)

Abstract:
Through implementation of eco-agricultural county construction programme,great achievements and rich experiences in eco-agricultural county construction had been accomplished in Jiangshan County,Yichen and Honghu Municipalities.The serious attention paid by the leaders and scientific programming were the premise and guarantee of the eco-agricultural county construction.

On effective approaches for 3-high agriculture strategies-A case study from Mulan County in Heilongjiang Province

Zhang Ren-wu, Ji Wen-ying, Hu Mei, Zhang Yong-zhen, Jiang Fu, Liu Wen-ge, Wang Yu-kun

1996, 4(2): 18-23.

Abstract(1312) PDF(72)

Abstract:
Effective ways for accomplishing the 3-high agriculture:high yield,high quality and high efficiency were studied and their economic benefits were analysed based on a case study from Mulan County,Heilongjiang Province. These approaches were proved to be the scientific basis for sustainable agricultural development

Methods and steps for construction of eco-forest engineering in Taihang mountainious areas

Li Chang-zhe

1996, 4(2): 24-27.

Abstract(1344) PDF(971)

Abstract:
For the purposes of sustainable development of ecology and social economy in Taihang mountainious areas, and considering the severe degeneration of vegetation and soil and seasonal drought in this areas, methods and steps of construction of eco-forest engineering were put forward based on the major achivements and technical practices in mountainious researches during the seventh and eighth five-year plan periods.

A study on agro-ecosystem evaluative index system and its weight

Wu Zuo-li, Chen Yu-hua

1996, 4(2): 28-31.

Abstract(997) PDF(897)

Abstract:
For the purposes of sustainable development of ecology and social economy in Taihang mountainious areas, and considering the severe degeneration of vegetation and soil and seasonal drought in this areas, methods and steps of construction of eco-forest engineering were put forward based on the major achivements and technical practices in mountainious researches during the seventh and eighth five year plan periods.

Government's functions in eco-environmental protection under market economy

Zhang An-lu

1996, 4(2): 32-35.

Abstract(1320) PDF(74)

Abstract:
Based on analysis of the characteristics of socialist market economy and environmental protection the coherent consistency and discosistency between economic growth and environmental protection,market failure and the essentiality of government intervention were discussed in the paper. Furtherly the specific functions of government to environmental protection under market economy were put forward.

The ecological multi-layer structure model of economic forest and its application in hilly areas

Cao Tie-sen

1996, 4(2): 36-39.

Abstract(1133) PDF(903)

Abstract:
The basic principle of the ecological multi-layer structure model of economic forest in hilly areas was reviewed in the paper. Multi layer structure cultivation models such as forest,fruit with grain crops,with economic crops,with vegetables,with medicinal plants,with forage crops and with edible mushroom which are suitable to be grown in the hilly areas in North China were summarized. The benefits of application of the models in hilly areas were also estimated.

Effects of CO₂ enrichment on rice photosynthesis,transpiration and water use efficiency

Lin Wei-hong, Bai Ke-zhi, Kuang Ting-yun

1996, 4(2): 40-43.

Abstract(1076) PDF(879)

Abstract:
The rates of photosynthesis and leaf transpiration, water use efficiency of two rice (Oryzasativa L.) cultivars of Aixiangnuo and Annong-s grown in open-top chambers with ambient and ambient plus 300mg.kg^-1CO₂ from transplanting to harvest were studied. The results showed that photosynthetic rate and stomatal resistance were increased, while transpiration rate was decreased and water use efficiency improved in elevated CO₂ concentration (660mg.kg^-1). There were difference between the two cultivars' responses to the CO₂ enrichment.

An effective way for sustainable development of upland agricultural ecosystem--The sloping agricultural land technology(SALT)

Shi Pei-li, Tang Ya, Chen Ke-ming

1996, 4(2): 44-49.

Abstract(1145) PDF(914)

Abstract:
The principles and contents of the sloping agricultural land technology(SALT),benefits in conserving soil and water,increasing soil fertility and biological productivity,improvement of environment by application of the SALT were introduced in the paper.lt was pointed out that SALT was an effective way for sustainable agro-eco-system development in mountainious areas.

The harzards of using chemical medicaments for killing insects and controlling weeds and their ecological approaches

Zhao Jun-hua, Ren Bin

1996, 4(2): 50-53.

Abstract(1253) PDF(984)

Abstract:
Based on analysis of the impacts of chemical medicaments on killing insects and controlling of weeds,their hazards to biology and human beings,as well as the pollution caused by the chemical materials to atmosphere,water,soil and landscape were discussed.lt was pointed out that effective controlling of insects and weeds may be done by natrual itself--by developing biotic-control methods such as utilization of the native predators of insect pests,insect sex attractants,male sterilant and etc..At the same time the current environmental management regulations should be modified and the food and medicine administration rules strengthenned up.

Features of seasonal wind and sand eroded soil with development of friut trees on the land

Su Pei-xi

1996, 4(2): 54-58.

Abstract(1422) PDF(783)

Abstract:
The results from analysis of the features of climate,hydrology,vegetation and soil of the seasonal wind and sand eroded land showed that the main reasons causing the soil weatherring were that the windy season and dry season fall on the same period,the cycle of vegetation withering and growing concide with the windy and dry season.In view of the existing problems such as the voilent wind,heavy sand,thin soil,shortage of water and etc.,development of fruit tree planting may do much to reduce the harm of wind and sand in the region.

A study on the induced endurance of cucumber to downy mildew by root inducing with chemical materials

Yun Xing-fu, Han Li-zhi

1996, 4(2): 59-62.

Abstract(1435) PDF(1027)

Abstract:
Experiments on the induced endurance of cucumber were carried out by application of several chemical materials separately to the root from the beginning of cotyledon stage.The results showed that regardless of the natural or artifical induced diseases,the decrease of the diseased plant rate was significant after induced at the root with several chemical materials.The results from analysing the chemicals that could possibly induce immunity indicated that ammonias,benzenes and potassium chloride were closely related to the induced resistances of cucumber leaves to downy mildew.

Dynamics of soil water content and potentials of water-saving in the farmland of Taihand Piedmont

Zhang Xi-ying, You Mao-zheng

1996, 4(2): 63-68.

Abstract(1247) PDF(935)

Abstract:
Based on four years' investigations the dynamics and patterns of soil moisture in the farmland of Taihang Piedmont were analysed.The soil moisture of top layer was greatly affected by water supply,while in deep layer of the soil,soil water content was keeped at relatively steady statues.Then by increasing crop root growth to increase water uptake from the deep layer of soil would reduce the water stress effects on crop and also the irrigation numbers.Another aspect for reducing irrigation was to reduce soil evaporation from the farmland.During the growth periods of winter wheat and corn there were about total 200mm evaporation from the soil surface.According to our experiments here,straw mulch could reduce this value to 100mm.So this was another effective way for increasing the water use efficiency in the farmland.

The micro-climatic characteristics of inter-planting crop with fruit tree in cold zone

Liu Yan-jie

1996, 4(2): 69-72.

Abstract(1270) PDF(1036)

Abstract:
Results from the investigation of the intercropping fields of crop and fruit tree showed that the intensity of illumination for the crops was decreased because of the shadowy effects of the trees. During summer in the intercropping fields air temperature,soil temperature and evaporation rate were lower,and relative humidity and soil water content were higher than that in the non-stripping farmland. Those were favorable to the growth of the intercropped crops and fruit trees. The choicing of the intercropped crops with friut tree should depend on the shade intensity of the trees. When the shadow-tree area was less than 50%,melon and beans could be choiced as the interrow crops,otherwise,high shade endurance crops should be choiced as the interrow crops.

On Breeding dwarf Octoploid Trtitrigia

Chang zhi-jian, Hu He-sheng, Wang Zhi-guo

1996, 4(2): 73-77.

Abstract(1227) PDF(1082)

Abstract:
TA17044, a stable dwarf octoploid Trititrigia, was obtained from the derivatives of T.aestivum Ⅰ E.intermedia Ⅱ T.aestivum.With 65-70cm height,TA17044 is the first new dwarf source of artificially synthetic octoploid Trititrigia.The cytogenetic results indicated that the chromosome number in its root tip cell is 56 with a chromosome configuration of 1.43Ⅰ+27.48Ⅱ+0.09Ⅲ+0.04Ⅳ percell characterized meiosis of its PMCS.And the analysis of isozyme electrophoresis showed that the expression of its dwarfism is likely attributed to genetic interactions between an alien genome and the wheats genetic background.

Climate change and its effects on agricultural ecology during the recent 40 years in Songnen Plain

Zu Shi-heng

1996, 4(2): 78-81.

Abstract(1321) PDF(891)

Abstract:
Based on systematic analysis of 40 years' complete meteorological data from 30 stations as well as the agricultural output information in Songnen Plain,one of the dry farming regions in Northern China,it was concluded that the climate in this plain was actually warming up,which lead to the split up of the high production areas to south and to north in the plain,that is the high yield area of corn gradually moving to south,and wheat and bean to north.Thus the changes in agricultural production should be paid attention to when working out strategies for agricultural development.

1996 Vol. 4, No. 2