1997 Vol. 5, No. 2

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1997, 5(2): 1-6.
Abstract(836) PDF(729)
Abstract:
Viewing the line of agricultural sustainable development in the Loess Plateau from its fifteen years' changes--A case study on the ecological agricultural construction in Yan'an City
Sun Hongliang
1997, 5(2): 7-10.
Abstract(1045) PDF(705)
Abstract:
The contrast date and great changes from comparing the two investigations of the agricultural eco-system in the Loess Plateau conducted in 1981,and fifteen years later in 1995 proved that the eco-agricultural construction is a correct strategic choice of sustainable development of agricultural construction is a correct strategic choice for sustainable development of agriculture in China. A case study was carried out in Yan'an City, one of the fifty pilot counties for eco-agricultural construction in China .Principles and benefits of its seven projects of eco-engineering are analysed which showing the feasibility and sustainability of eco-agriculture,which is a good way suitable to national conditions of China and can enable the environmental improvement and agricultural production to co-develop.
The ecological significance of mineral nutrition in plants: II. The uptake,utilization and allocation of mineral nutrients by plants
Shen Jianbo, Zhang Fusuo, Mao Daru
1997, 5(2): 11-14.
Abstract(1581) PDF(1065)
Abstract:
Progresses of researches on mineral nutrient uptake by plants; plant relative growth rate and nutrient luxury uptake；its nutrient allocation and utiligation ratio;its nutrient storage and loss are discussed in the paper．
The relation between fresh water fishery and the climate of water bodies
Liu Naizhuang, Liu Jianxin, Zhu Naihai
1997, 5(2): 15-19.
Abstract(1165) PDF(803)
Abstract:
In view of the ecology．the following questions concerned with the climate of water bodies for fresh water fishery are discussed：the research on the environment of fish growth should be based on the ecological climatic elements of the water bodies；freshwater fishes in China have their 0wn suitable living areas based on their thermaal eeo-type;the differences of light and thermal conditions of water bodies give different climatic productivities of phyto-plankton;and the climatic regionalization of fresh water fishery should be conducted according to the climatic resource characters of water bodies，and their effects on fish distribution，growth and primary productivty of water bodies.
Effects of under-lying surface characters on the environment of high eficiency cultivation of edible fungus--microflora in atmosphere
Chen Shufen, Liu Chenghai, Li Hanchang, Cui Qizhi
1997, 5(2): 20-24.
Abstract(1680) PDF(763)
Abstract:
The systematic investigations on six sites with different characters showed that the characters and properties of under-lying surface have determinative effects on the species and quantity of microbe．The order of microorganism quantity at different places is that：Outside of barnyard>old fungus garden>inside of office>outside of old fungus garden>new fungus garden>woodland．The dominating species is germ outside of barnyard，and fungus at fungus garden．It was suggested that the environmental microbe be considered in choicing bacteria growing sites．
Characters of nitrogen circulation in eco-agriculture
Yang Jurong, Xue Bing, Chen Hai
1997, 5(2): 25-29.
Abstract(1368) PDF(860)
Abstract:
Based on the successful pilot tests of eco-agriculture in China,characters of N circulation in eco-agricultural areas are analysed,and the advantage of eco-agriculture is discussed from the view of its improved material circulation.
Effects and benefits of comprehensive utilization of biogas and its residues
Zhang Wudi, Liu Shiqing, Zhou Bin, Deng Lan, Peng Qian
1997, 5(2): 30-32.
Abstract(950) PDF(797)
Abstract:
Ways of utilization of biogas and its residues·their effects and benefits are discussed．It is pointed out that biogas fermentation system is a forming link of eco-agriculture,and plays an important role in agro-eco-eeonomic system and rural economic development．Thus it is an effective way for farmers to shed off poverty and become rich．
Evaluation of soil nutrients availability in the typical low mountain areas in the intermediate zone of Taihang Mt.
Li Jiyun, Tong Yiping, Liu Xiudi, Wang Jianjiang, Gao Fucun
1997, 5(2): 33-36.
Abstract(1201) PDF(820)
Abstract:
The availabilities of nitrogen,phosphorus and six trace elements in different topographical soils at Qianxian township of Yuanshi County in Hebei Province were analysed. The results showed that the contents of alkali hydrolysis N and olsen P in topsoil were lower than the average of those in other places of China.The six trace elements were also deficient, about 90% of the land were deficient of Zn and Mn,over 80% deficient of Mo and B,and about 60% deficient of Cu and Fe. The lower availabilities of soil untrients was closely correlated with the lower contents of organic matters.Landforms and soil types were also the factors influencing soil nutrient contents.
Analysis of the integrated ecosystem of farming，forestry and animal husbandary in Kaifeng sandy experimental region
Wu Jicheng, Kou Chang1in, Kong Xiangxuan, Ran Sukun, Wang Qiujie
1997, 5(2): 37-41.
Abstract(1236) PDF(888)
Abstract:
Three functions of bio-production，energy flow and material cycling are discussed based on analysis of the basic resouroes，characters of davelopment，composition and structure of the integrated eco-system of Kaifeng sandy experimental region．Results show that the system’s bio-productivity is increasing，and energy flow is becoming more optimum，while ratio of materia1 OUtput to input should be improved，and K deficiency is still very serious．
Soil respiration rate of farmland ecosystem in Taihang Piedmont
Chen Suying, Hu Chunsheng
1997, 5(2): 42-46.
Abstract(826) PDF(929)
Abstract:
Results from the experiments showed that soil respiration rate is seasonal change patterns, and soil temperature is the main environmental factor affecting soil respiration rate.Agronomic practices also affect soil respiration rate,with the highest at conventional tillage plus subsurface tillage(CO2 emission rate at 1788g/m2).The soil respiration rate of conventional tillage is at 1629g/m2, witn CO2 emission rate of the minimum tillage plus subsurface tillage at 1667g/m2.The more the straw returned to soil. the higher the soil respiration rate is .
The agricultural eco-environment of vegetable growing areas in Fuzhou City
Ren Zugan, Qiu Xiaoxuan, Cai Yuancheng, Li Zhenhe, Wang Lin
1997, 5(2): 47-50.
Abstract(1292) PDF(884)
Abstract:
In reference of the relevant standard and background information,pollution statues of the four irrigation water sources,irrigation water in ditches and channels,soil in vegetable gardens and refuse compost in Fuzhou vegetable growing areas were evaluated based on analysis of their nitrate and heavy metal contents.The results showed that for the four main irrigation sources,Jin'an River is lightly contaminated,Baima River and the lower reaches of Minjiang River are slightly polluted, and Bayi Reservoir is clean.They can all be used as irrigation vater.But for the irrigation water in ditches and channels,the pollution condition is different,with content of Hg over the critical level at Yuefeng and Heling in eastern part of the region,and content of Pb being seriously over the critical level at Changting in western part of the region.For the vegetable soils,except for Cd,other heavy metal contents are all less or more over the critical level.The heavy metal contents in garbage are in accord with the national standard,but its contents of Cr,Pb,Hg,As are higher than those in vegetable soils,which may be the main reason causing the contamination of vegetable soils and heavy metal pollution to vegetables.
Effects of inter-cropping cotton with wheat on environmental factors and cotton growth and developmeat
Sun Benpu, Li Xiuyun, Wang Yong, Zhang Baomin, Shi Weize
1997, 5(2): 51-56.
Abstract(1155) PDF(928)
Abstract:
Results from conventional and inter-cropping cotton with wheat with film cover or without the film showed that there were great differences among those treatments in soil temperature, soil evaporation，light intensity over Cotton canopy,field humidity，growth period，plant characters,economic features,etc．．The length of the co-growth period of cotton with wheat is the main factor affecting Cotton seedling growth．even its later growth．Heat is the main environmental factor affecting cotton seedling growth．
Studies on technics for regulation of the eco-environment in plastic greenhouse
Qi Zhiguang
1997, 5(2): 57-60.
Abstract(834) PDF(775)
Abstract:
The changes of temperature and humidity and their relations with light intensity in plastic greenhouse were studied. The results showed that the eco-environment of greenhouse can be improved,vegetable growth and development in winter and early sping can be increased,and pest and diseases can be controlled by artifically regulating the temperature,humidity and light conditions inside greenhouse.
The effects of uniconazol on inhibition of wheat black embryo disease and germination rate and emergenee of the black embryo grains
An Diaoguo, Wang Zhiguo, Li Junming
1997, 5(2): 61-64.
Abstract(1322) PDF(989)
Abstract:
Currently 91．4% of the black embryo grains in commercial cultivated wheat varieties are caused by Alternaria tenuis．The infection rate of black embryo disease for most commercial wheat varieties is about 11.1%，with a few seriously affected up to 42．8%．Lower concentration uniconazol(5～15mg／kg)can increase germination rate and emergence of the black embryo grains，and improve the seedling growth.while higher concentration uniconazol (20mg／kg)，on the contrary，inhibit the germination and emergence．Seed soaking with 15mg／kg uniconazol can also prevent the black embryo disease．
Effects of green manure application after rice transplantation on soil fertility and rice growth
Xu Cuncai
1997, 5(2): 65-67.
Abstract(1205) PDF(897)
Abstract:
Application of green manure between rows after rice transplantation not only increases soil fertility,but also reduces the unfavorable effects of green manure before transplantation on rice growth and yield.
Discussion and clarification of the characteristics,definition and research objectives of sustainable agriculture
Ma Zhongyu, Wang Yingfen
1997, 5(2): 68-71.
Abstract(1420) PDF(721)
Abstract:
Concept and characters of sustainable agriculture are discussed in the paper.The research objectives of sustainable agriculture are defined as studying and developing new agricultural techologies and management strageties of environmental safety and health for agricultural production.Several improtant research fields concerned with sustainable agricultural in China are put forward.
Strategies for sustainable development in China
Qu Futian, Huang Xianjin
1997, 5(2): 72-74.
Abstract(1637) PDF(889)
Abstract:
Countermeasures for sustainable development in China are:Setting up macroscopic management and evaluation systems corresponding with sustainable development;promoting sustainable economic development by means of economy and mardet machine; setting up regulations of property right,distincting the property relationship,and realizing the sustainable utilization of resources,especially regeneration resources;accelerating the technical progress,promoting sustainable development.Legal system is the guarantee of the strategies of sustainable development.
Agricultural sustainable development and ecological education in agricultural colleges and universities
Sun Liqun
1997, 5(2): 75-78.
Abstract(911) PDF(720)
Abstract:
From the vievpoint of new strategy of turning tranditional agriculture to sustainable agriculture,it is pointed out that ecological education shouldn't be limited only to professional field,but should be extended to other educational field-higher agricultural educational areas.Sustainability of agricultural development demands that students majoring in agriculture should continuously study about ecological sciences. Thus the author expressed a systematic point of view about ecological education and practical plans and measures to establish continuous ecological education,i.e. synthesizing the teaching contents and integrating teaching processes;guaranteeing measures to realize ecological education.Only by performing continuous ecological education can students form scientific values and correct pattern in the course of interaction with nature.
Analysis of the ecological benefits of improving the hilly and sandy land in Qian'an County
Zhang Jianping, Shi Jianbing
1997, 5(2): 79-83.
Abstract(1187) PDF(803)
Abstract:
Achievements in eco-agricultural construction in semi-sandy and semi-hilly areas by implementing engineering and biological measures were studied and analysed in the paper.Construction of contour ridge around mountains,plantation of fast growing trees and protective belt in sandy areas,etc. are effective measures in improving hilly and sandy land.Thus natural resources can be fully utilized and eco-environment improved with tangible results in ecology,society and economy.
Construction of eco-agricultural regions and ways for development in Jianyang City
Weng Boqi, Huang Qinlou, Ying Chaoyang, Huang Quan, Chen Xiaoming
1997, 5(2): 84-88.
Abstract(1344) PDF(975)
Abstract:
Based on the principles of ecology and ecoeconomy,advantages and existing problems in eco-agricultural regions in Jianyang City are analysed and fifteen indexes of agricultural ecology in the city are evaluated.Then,the basic thinking for construction ecological agricultural regions in the northern mountain areas of Fujian with five large engineering projects matching this thinking are put forward.Main measures and monitoring factors for eco-agricultural construction are discussed.

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