1998 Vol. 6, No. 4

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1998, 6(4): 1-3.
Abstract(839) PDF(727)
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1998, 6(4): 4-7.
Abstract(813) PDF(731)
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The establishment and development of ecological ethics
Wang Hongkang
1998, 6(4): 8-11.
Abstract(816) PDF(823)
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The establishment and development of ecologtcal ethics are briefly described both inwestern country and in China．The relationship between ecological ethics and green economies as well as its different developing stages are discussed．Ecological ethics supports not only an extension beyond current individuals to cover the rights and interests of current generations (intragenerational equity criterion)，but also beyond future generations(intergenerational equity criterion)of humans．But deep ecology goes much further and opens up the moral referenee class to cover the rights and interests of non-human nature(animals,plants，species and ecosystem)．
The response of crops to water stress
Chen Xiaoyuan, Luo Yuanpei, Shi Yuanchun
1998, 6(4): 12-15.
Abstract(1654) PDF(1042)
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The physiological-biochemical mechanism and the influence on nutrition，growth and yield of crop under water stress are expounded．The probability of the application of crop water stress mechanism in water-saving agriculture and the sustainable development of agricul-ture is discussed．
Cell membrance injury and the change of protective enzymes actlvity in corn under water stress
Chen Yongjun, Ji Shumei, Jiang Fengying
1998, 6(4): 16-18.
Abstract(1337) PDF(867)
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Cell membrance injury and the change of protective enzymes activity under water stress in two drought-resistant corn varieties are studied．The results show that the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)dectines first．raises then．and decreases continually later．and that of peroxidase(POD)changed complex1y in inital perios and increases doublly in final period．
Research progression on water use efficiency and its physio-ecological mechanism
Huang Zhanbin, Shan Lun
1998, 6(4): 19-23.
Abstract(1799) PDF(1792)
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The theory of water use efficiency(WUE)and the correlations between WUE and crop yield are analyzed．The researches of WUE physio-ecologieal mechanism in recent years on plant growth and development，photosynthesis and transpiration，water condition，other environmental factors such as air relative humidity,and so on are introduced．
Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi on growth and yield of cotton
Jiang Defeng, Li Min, Liu Runjin, Liu Peili, Wu Junbo
1998, 6(4): 24-26.
Abstract(1236) PDF(1029)
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Effects of arbuscutar mycorrhiza fungi(AMF)including gaspora rosea，glomus mosseae and glomus versiforme on growth and yield of cotton in fertilized and non-fertilized fields with Phosphorus(3Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O+7Ca SO4)are studied．The results show that the AMF is gble to increase the photosynthetic rate，improve water status，promote cotton growth and increase its yield．especially the yield hefore frost season．Glomus versiforme is the most efective species in increasing cotton yield．
Breeding the“53” corn inbred line by recurrent selection method
Sun Haikun, Yang Mizhu, Li Hongtie
1998, 6(4): 27-29.
Abstract(1039) PDF(903)
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The“53”corn inbred line is bred by nine fine corn inbred lines，which constitute foundation colony，through two generations open-pollination，and then self-pollination．The results of experiment show that the “53” hlgh-resistant to leaf spot，leaf blight，bacterial and resisting head smut，mosaic，and so on, It is good of resisting fall．combining abi[ity and self-output and appropriate growing period．
Effet of fertilizer on wheat in saline soil improved by alfafa--II. Its effect on some physiological characters
Liu Mengyu, Toshiaki Tadano, Liu Huiling
1998, 6(4): 30-32.
Abstract(1072) PDF(914)
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The results from pot experiments show that N can increase water potentml of flag leaf by about 2．0 bars，chlorophyll content by l3%～8O%(mainly chlorophyll B)，photosyn-thesis rate by about 26%，transpiration rate by about 14%，transpiration efficiency by lO% in saline soil improved by alfafa in Heilonggang Region,Hebei．These effects are more obvious if N and P are applied．These changes of physiological characters are the physiological base for increasing yield by applying N and P in this region．
Effects of supplying organic fertilizer in combination with inorganic one on distribution of nitrogen in vegetable crops
Zhou Yimin, Zhang jinsheng
1998, 6(4): 33-36.
Abstract(882) PDF(944)
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By 15N-labeled trace trials，nitrogen utilization ratio of cucumher，tomato。cauliflower，chinese cabbage and kindy bean cultivated outdoor under the condition of norrnaI fertilization and different planting pattern，the distribution of nitrogen，and effects of supplying organic fertilizer in combination with inoraganic one are analyzed. The results show that the nitrogen utilization ratio，nitrogen residue in soil，and nitrogen losts of five vegetables are 28．63%，39．07% and 41．25%，respectively．Through supplying organic fertilizer in combinalion with inorganic one，the crop absorption of inorganic nitrogen decreases in the first year．but nitrogen residue in soil increases．
Effects of the different fertilization，date of transplanting and rice varieties on ocurreace of hydrdtia sasakii
Qin Houguo, Ye Zhengxiang, Li Hua, Luo Renhua
1998, 6(4): 37-39.
Abstract(1487) PDF(966)
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The circumstances of rice injured by hydrellia sasakii under different fertiiizations，date of transplanting and varieties were investigated in 1994～1996 The results show that there are no significant difference in the numher of iniured plants by hydrellia sasakii on thesame variety in various fertilizer treatments，while significant difference exists when theseedling transplanted at different dates．As date of transplanting is put off，the rate of injuredplants increases significantly．81 varieties that have some resistance have been selected.
The dynamic transformation of phosphate fertilizer and its influence factors in meadow soil
Yang Liling, Li Jinhai
1998, 6(4): 40-42.
Abstract(953) PDF(790)
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By method of soil inorganic phosphorus fraction，the dynamic transformation of phosphate fertilezer and its influence factors in meadow soil in Hebei Province is discussed. The results show that the content of inorganic phosphate in meadow soil is improved obviously by phosphate fertilizer supply and the transformation ratio and distribution of phosphorus are changed increasing organic manure．
Eco-environment characteristics of sand grapery
Su Peixi
1998, 6(4): 43-46.
Abstract(1101) PDF(944)
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The environmental efficiencies of factors such as soil temperature，intensity of illu-minance,wind in sand grapery．and composition，water and nutrient of soil，are analyzed．The results conductive to intercropping，interplanting and facility planting in sand grapery．
Effects of climatic factors on thousand kernel weight of highland barley
Du Jun
1998, 6(4): 47-49.
Abstract(1525) PDF(1050)
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Using the principles of statistics and analysis method，effects of climatic factors on thousand kernel weight in main development stage of highland barley in Tibet are analysed．The thousand kernel weight-climate model of highland barley is performed．The results from tests show that，from the floweriag to milking stages，ahout 18．2℃ for mean temperature and more radiation are favor of improving thousand kernel weight．but high temperature and partly raining or cold and rainy weather cause thousand kernel weight to be decreased.
Ecological suitability of plastic film-covered wheat and its supporting technique
Yang Jianshe, Xin Naiquan
1998, 6(4): 50-53.
Abstract(1703) PDF(1037)
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The plastic film-covered wheat cultivation should take an appropriate supporting techniques．First，this set of the supporting techniques should be laid in areas that are easily subject to low temperature damage．Second，the extension in irrigation regions could play a wmer-saving and water conservational rule，but the suitable date of seeding should be delayed 7～lOd．The plastic film covered wheat has an obvious yield increase．Third，the plastic film-covered wheat cultivation in the semi-arid guilly region must be allocated with water-rassemble irrigation and field water-assemble planting techniques．Fourth，Chemical herbside and fertilizer appliance，as well as machinery work must be paid attention to．Fifth，the plastic film-covered wheat cultivation must be combined with effective control of the “white film pollution”．
Productivities and economic benefits of the different cultivations way of rice
Xu Cuncai
1998, 6(4): 54-56.
Abstract(1008) PDF(981)
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In terms of evaluation method of agro-economic benefits and analysis of variance and linear regression，productivities，the stability of yields and economic benefits of rices that are cultivated in the ways of direct seeding，water-heavy seeding，dry-light seeding and throwing seeding are analyzed．The advices that the throwing seeding technique should be spread on,with partly dry-light seeding，and the water-heavy seeding and direct seeding should be obsoleted，are raised．
Evolution and countermeasure of agro-ecoeconomlc system in low-hilly red earth areas
Wang Mingzhu
1998, 6(4): 57-59.
Abstract(861) PDF(841)
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Taking Yingtan City as an example．the evolution of agro-ecoeconomic system in low-hilly red earth area are analysed．Its present condition states that new period of economy development and ecosystem improvement in village has appeared．Serial management counter-measures such as strengthening construction of basis installations，building the stereo distribution of forestry(hill top)，fruits(hill side)，cropping(valley)and fishery(pond)，and so on，are pointed out．
Ecologjcal patterns of agro-forestry compound management in sloping field of mountain area in North Fujian
Lin Qing, Zhang Dinghua, Wei Tinglin, Fan Biyo
1998, 6(4): 60-63.
Abstract(1253) PDF(917)
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Ecological patterns of agro-forestry compound management in sloping field of mountain area in North Fujian are experimented．On this basis．two patterns-Cunninghamia lanceolata-Lespedeza bicolor-dible fungi and the Cunninghamia laneeolata-Paspalum notatum-hemercoallis citrina are of good ecoeconomic benefits，then their ecological and eco-nomic benefits are analyzed．
Effects of the institutional factors on agricultural modernization in China
Wang Peizhi, Xuanyuan Guiyin
1998, 6(4): 64-67.
Abstract(1423) PDF(961)
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Institutional factors are essential to the sustainable development of modern agriculture．Using mathematic model to dea1 with the data from 1952 to I995，the contributive rate of the institutional factor to general productive rate in China was calculated．Versatile charac-terlstics of the instituational tsctors affecting agricultural modernization are analysed，and the main cause of the low agricultural development eflieiency,which is the mal-structure of tech-nology induced by institutional structure was pointed out．Finally．it sets forth the adjustment direction of institutional structure in agricultura1 modernization to offer theoretical basis tor the government decision．
Effects of sewage irrigation on agro-environment--A case study from Shijiazhuang Sewage Ir-rigation Areas
Sun Zhiqiang, Zhang Lingzhi, Cao Jian, Liang xiaohe
1998, 6(4): 68-71.
Abstract(1445) PDF(1038)
Abstract:
Effects of sewage irrigation on crops，soil and ground water in Shijiazhuang Sewage Irrigation Areas are studied．The results show those of the sewage in Shijiazhuang is polluted moderately by organic matter，seriously by sulphide，lightly by heavy meta1． The ground water that is 100 to 200m distant from the sewage channel is polluted．In past forty years，the heavy metal contents in seeds of wheat and corn planted in the sewage-irrigated land are lower than those of the National Foods-Heavy Metals Limited Staodard．those in surface soil are all lower than the second degree standard of the National Soil Environmental Assessment Standard．The contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen can be improved by irrigating sewage reasonably．
Ecological significance of plant gaseous natrition and green power
Tan Kezheng
1998, 6(4): 72-73.
Abstract(1160) PDF(1031)
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The relationship between the biological demand and supply of gases and the chemical energy contained in various organic substances of all kinds of green plants are dealed with．The concepts of plant gaseous nutrition and green power，which are significant in the ecological zones of atmosphere，land，living things and water，as well as society are defined respectively．
1998, 6(4): 74-75.
Abstract(628) PDF(7)
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