2002 Vol. 10, No. 1

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Degradation of grass lands and its preventive countermeasures in Tibet Autonomous Region
LIU Shu-Zhen, FAN Jian-Rong, ZHOU Lin
2002, 10(1): 1-3.
Abstract(1550) PDF(1495)
Abstract:
Tibet Autonomous Region is one of the main pasturing areas in China,with an area of the grass lands of 82.0519 millions hm2 which accounts for 68.1% of the total territory area in Tibet and 20% of the total grass land in China. The grass lands of Tibet Autonomous Region is an important ecological protective screen for southwest region in China. Ecological environment is very fragile,and unreasonable use of grass land by human beings is strong and global climate is being changed,so,some degradation phenomena have been found such that the height of the grass community is decreased,cover rate and yield of the grasses are also decreased, dominant species of the grass communities are being changed,and harmfulness of poisonous weeds and rats has become more serious. Finally, six prevention countermeasures are suggested:change ideas,and set up guiding ideology that lays stress on both livestocks and grasses;strengthen administra tive organization construction,and manage the grass lands by the government laws;stabilize use right of the grass lands,and make it perfect for contracting resp onsibility system for grasses and livestocks;realize transform of animal husbandry of the grass lands from quantitative increasing to better quality and higher profit; adjust livestocks structure,and make reasonable distribution of the livestocks;strengthen basic and applied research in the animal husbandry.
Impacts of environmental factors on the production of non-soil turf in green house
WANG Xiang-Rong, BAO Jing-Hui
2002, 10(1): 4-7.
Abstract(1135) PDF(1080)
Abstract:
Taking Festuca elata Keng as the experimental material,the effects of light,temperature (℃)，humidity (%),nutrients and water conditions of sediments and the application of plant hormone (IBA and Paclobutrazol) on the production of non-soil turf in green house are studied. The results indicate that in order to improve the quality and rolling of turf,the temperature should be controlled between 15℃ and 25℃ and the temperature difference should be kept between day and night;the relative humidity should be between 40% and 60%，and 50%～60% is more benefit to the development of roots;the illumination should be kept above 15000 lx;suitable fertilizer and plant hormone could be used as a micro-adjusting measurement.
Effects of enhanced UV-B radiation stress on kinetics of chlorophyll fluorescence in rice Coryza sativa L
LIN Wen-Xiong, WU Xing-Chun, LIANG Yi-Yuan, CHEN Fang-Yu, GUO Yu-Chun
2002, 10(1): 8-12.
Abstract(1018) PDF(1602)
Abstract:
Enhanced UV-B radiation would shorten plant height by 4.71%～16.59%,decrease leaf area and reduce dry matter of rice seedlings by 11.79%～60.57%,which is attributed to content decrease of chlorophyll-a,chlorophyll-b and carotenoid,parameter change of chlorophyll-a fluorescence,photosystemⅡ (PSⅡ) damage,photosynthesis decrease and retard growth and development of rice plant.
The reaction and sensitivity experiment of O3 on rice and winter wheat
BAI Yue-Ming, GUO Jian-Ping, WANG Chun-Yi, WEN Min
2002, 10(1): 13-16.
Abstract(1480) PDF(1342)
Abstract:
The long-term experiments of different O3 concentrations on main food crops in China are conducted by using OTC-1 top-opened chambers. The results show that increasing O3 concentration would promote rice development. The winter wheat development would be slow in early days,but fast in late time. The milk duration and plant height of rice and wheat would be shortened. The dry biomass would be decreased with the prolong of ventilation time. The water content in leaf of winter wheat would be decreased as parabola type,but there is small impact on rice. Under the same higher O3 concentration environment,the beginning date of rice leaf injured by ozone was later than winter wheat,and the injury development slowl. With the O3 concentration increasing,the yield of per plant and thousand grains weight would be decreased,and the loss scale of winter wheat yield by ozone is greater than that of rice. The reaction of winter wheat to O3 concentration is more sensitive than that of rice.
The experimental study on impacts of high temperature and high CO2 concentration on crops
GUO Jian-Ping, GAO Su-Hua
2002, 10(1): 17-20.
Abstract(1226) PDF(1198)
Abstract:
The impact of high temperature and high CO2 concentration on crops is studied in artificial chambers. The results show that the high temperature and high CO2 concentration would accelerate crop growth and development,shorten the growth period,increase the photosynthetic rate,decrease the transpiration rate,and increase the stomatal resistance. At the same phenophase,the leaf area and biomass of leaf, root,stalk would decrease because of insufficient growth. The impacts on yield components of different crops are different,spikelet numbers and grains number is decreased in wheat,hundredgrain weight decreased in corn. The high temperature and high CO2 concentration change the contents of trace elements in leaves.
Effects of CO2 concentration on the growth and development of Flammulina velutipes
GUO Jia-Xuan, SHEN Yuan-Yue, ZHONG Yang-He
2002, 10(1): 21-23.
Abstract(1047) PDF(1120)
Abstract:
The effects of different concentrations of CO2 on the growth and development of Flammulina velutipes are studied by controlling environmental conditions. It is shown that the optimal CO2 concentration for the mycelial growth is 261.7～2930.5μmol/L, and the primordium formation of Flammulina velutipesis significantly inhibited by the increment of CO2 concentration,the optimal CO2 concentration of primordium formation is 12.3～60μmol/L. For attaining excellent quality fruit ofFlammulina velutipes,the range of CO2 concentration in environment is 210～600μmol/L after fruit-body formation.
Mycorrhizas of horticultural crops and its application in eco-agriculture.
LI Rui-Qing, LIU Run-Jin, LI Min
2002, 10(1): 24-26.
Abstract(1048) PDF(1053)
Abstract:
Seedlings of horticultural crops with high economic benefits are usually cultivated in a nursery bed,so they are pioneer crops in application of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and more attention is paid to the extension demonstration. The mycorrhiza resources,ecology,and its effects on enhancing water and mineral absorption and utilization,increasing drought and disease resistance,improving yield and quality of horticultural crops are introduced,and the application status and prospects of AM fungi on horticultural crops are also discussed. It is concluded that the inoculation of AM fungi would become one of the important biological techniques in agricultural production in the new century,and there are wider application prospects in the green food production.
Analysis and application on maize nutrition of growth
LIU Jin-Lai, SONG Ji-Juan, LI Fu-Lin, TENG Wen-Xing, LIU Rong-Qing
2002, 10(1): 27-29.
Abstract(1335) PDF(1053)
Abstract:
Based on the located experiments of high yields and failure of crop in 1987～1999，the analysis means of maize nutrition of growth instead of dry matter weight are brought up. The relationships between the growth orderliness and the yields formation in different surroundings are revealed,and it is the same orderliness of relations between dry matter weight and yields formation. So,new ecology indexes for researching maize ecology are increased.
Plant drought tolerance molecular mechanism
SHEN Yuan-Yue, HUANG Cong-Lin, ZHANG Xiu-Hai, CAO Ming-Qing
2002, 10(1): 30-34.
Abstract(2734) PDF(2589)
Abstract:
Drought affects plant growth most seriously. Molecular response and signal transduction are induced in water stress. Water-stress inducible gene expresses some important function protein and regulatory protein to protect plant cell from injury. The identified protein includes transmembrane channel protein,water regulator,transportor or synthetase,lea protein,antioxidant enzyme,water-stress protein,regulatory protein, etc.At least four independent signal transduction pathways exist among water-stress inducible gene expression. Plant cell percepts water stress by turger or receptor,than transforms extracellular signal to intracellular signal,and induces second messengers. Among the primary signal cascades,two pathways are ABA dependent and two ABA independent,some cis-acting elements and transcription factor are identified by gene expression and regulation
Compensatory effects of water-recovery during different growth durations on winter wheat under water stress
CHEN Xiao-Yuan, LUO Yuan-Pei
2002, 10(1): 35-37.
Abstract(1399) PDF(1348)
Abstract:
The compensatory effects of supplying water after drought during tillering stage,jointing stage and flowering stage on the growth and grain yield are studied. The results show that rewatering after drought during these growth duration has various degrees of promotion effect on growth and yield respectively. The height of plant,green leaves areas per plant,dry matter weight and grain yield of the rewatered treatments exceed those of their drought controls and show compensatory effects. Rewatering during jointing stage has the most compensatory effects on yield increase,secondy is the rewatering during flowe ring stage,and rewatering during tillering stage is the least.Water-recovery during jointing stage could come to the goal of water-saving and yield increase.
Soil ecotype and its application
YANG Wan-Qin, WANG Kai-Yun, SONG Guang-Yu
2002, 10(1): 38-40.
Abstract(1571) PDF(1083)
Abstract:
The concept and types of soil ecotype are elaborated in this paper. Moreover,it is considered that studies on soil ecotype have important directive functions upon crop breeding,soil resource allocation,regional cultivation,and eco-agricultural construction.
Relationships between agricultural ecology and chemical elements in soil
ZENG Zhao-Hua
2002, 10(1): 41-43.
Abstract(1160) PDF(1111)
Abstract:
The relationships between agricultural ecology and the chemical elements in soil environment are studied. The results show that the agricultural ecology has closely relationships with the soil elements such as ,P,K,Na,Ca,Mg,S,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,B,Mo,V,Co,Ni,Cr,Pb,Cd,Hg,Se,F,Tl,Ba,Te,Ta,Sr,Ti,Si and rare-earth element.
Modulating soil ecology for the healthy of root
LUO Wen-Sui, YAO Zheng
2002, 10(1): 44-46.
Abstract(841) PDF(1618)
Abstract:
Variety singleness,excessive use of fertilizer,intensive and successive planting,and straw-burning,etc. destroy the balance of soil ecology. As a result,root diseases are intensified. The basic measurement to prevent root disease is to recuperate the soil ecology. The physical and chemical charac teristics of soil,balance of rhizosphere in material and energy,and secretions of different roots in different periods affect the quantities and species of pathogen and the resistance of plant. Application growth promoting rhozobacteria is a new method to modulate soil ecology and promote the health of root. The foregr ound of growth promoting rhozobacteria in framing is promised.
Effects of high mineralized waste water in oil field on soil microorganism
XIANG Ya-Ling, LI Feng, SHAO Zhi-Hui, WU Kong-Qing, DING Heng-Hu
2002, 10(1): 47-49.
Abstract(1097) PDF(967)
Abstract:
Investigations on microorganism in different extent soils polluted by high mineralized waste water in oil field, indicate that heterotrophic bacteria, actinomyces and azotobacter would be restrained when the oil concentration of dry land soil exceeds 0.5% and waste water concentration exceeds 0.1%. The amount of the fungi and yeast are increasing along with the increasing of the oil concentration. When oil concentration of paddy field exceeds 3%, aerobic heterotrophicl bacteria separating cultivated bacterium would be obviously restrained, otherwise when waste water concentration exceeds 0.1%, anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria and actinomyces would be obviously restrained.
Maize diseases and pests of field ecosystems under different structures on dryland red soil
YE Fang, HUANG Guo-Qin
2002, 10(1): 50-51.
Abstract(1172) PDF(1145)
Abstract:
Maize diseases and pests of field ecosystems under different structures on dryland red soil are studied. The results show that intercropping and interplanting can reduce the invasion risk of maize pathogens and pests. The disease incidences and disease indexes of Rhizoctonia solani and Bipolaris maydis in late maize-mung bean intercropping system are lower than those of monocultured maize systems. Rhopalosiphum maidis, Ostrinia farnalis, Euborellia pallipes and Haptonchus luteotus are the main maize pests in the middle and late growing periods. Especially,Rhopalosiphum maidis, Ostrinia far nalis andHaptonchus luteotus injure the ears of maize, which could greatly reduce its yield. There are less species and quantities of maize pests in “canola‖Chinese milk vetch/maize/maize‖mung bean” system than other cropping systems and its injury percentage of major pests is low. Thus this system is suitable to be extended in dryland red soil.
Effects of fertilizing on seasonal variation of soil mites in farmland
ZHENG Chang-Ying, HU Dun-Xiao, LI Wei-Jiong
2002, 10(1): 52-53.
Abstract(1006) PDF(1033)
Abstract:
The seasonal variations of soil mites are studied in farmland of experiment station of China Agricultural University, Quzhou County, Hebei Province. The results show that the numbers of soil mites vary with seasons and the peaks of variation appear in May and from August to September. Fluctuation of number in the plots using organic fertilizer changes less than in the plots using chemica l fertilizer during the year. Mesostigmata mites are found in the plots using chemical fertilizer after July.
Effects of adding chemical nitrogen and phosphorus on mineralization of soil organic nitrogen.
LIU Xiao-Hong, HAO Ming-De
2002, 10(1): 54-56.
Abstract(1140) PDF(950)
Abstract:
The mineral curves of manure on the Loess Plateau are analyzed. It is shown that there are some effects on the initial stages of application of organic-N in manure, but the effects are not too great. There is no boosted action to the decomposition of organic-N after adding chemical N, P, and manure, and also the amount of mineralization is decreased. Adding N and P,the amount of mineralization of 3-years forage rotation of crop-grass is raised +6.3%, and others reduced. Adding manure, the amount of mineralization is reduced except bareness disposal (+171.6%).
Techniques of assembling fertilization for maize in black soil area
WANG Zhan-Zhe, CHEN Yuan, WANG Qi
2002, 10(1): 57-58.
Abstract(1110) PDF(907)
Abstract:
The experiment on techniques of assembling application of organic, biological and chemical fertilizers and its effects on soil fertility, seed yield and economic profits has been conducted. The results show that positive correlation among the soil fertility, seed yield and economic profits is significant in all treatments. The organic matter content in the soil of assembling fertilization increases by 0.01%～0.3%，seed yield increases by 10%～16.9% and net income increases by 932.6～1496.6Yuan (RMB)/hm2 compared with single chemical fertilizer application.
Effects and mechanism of fertilization under drought
GUAN Jun-Feng, LI Guang-Min
2002, 10(1): 59-61.
Abstract(1534) PDF(1131)
Abstract:
Drought is the main factor restricting crop growth and yield. The proper application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers could compensate the inhibition effects of crop growth and yield by drought-stress, improve the plant physiological function, and increase water use effi ciency. The application of coupling of water and fertilizer could sufficiently take advantage of the fertilizer effects, save water and get high yield.
Estimation of the soil thermal conductivity and heat flux in near surface layer from soil emperature
MO Xing-Guo, LI Hong-Xuan, LIU Su-Xia, LIN Zhong-Hui
2002, 10(1): 62-64.
Abstract(925) PDF(1581)
Abstract:
Six methods of calculating the soil thermal conductivity and the soil heat flux in the soil near surface layer are studied with observation of soil temperature. The amplitude, phase, arctangent, and logarithm require only a few measurements of temperature and their calculations are simple. However, the results are erratic. Numerical and harmonic methods, which use much more temperature measurements, generally provide more reliable results. The estimation of soil heat flux, based on the calculated thermal conductivity, is consistent well with values of heat flux determined with the temperature integral method.
Classification of paddy field in Jiangxi Province by using GIS technology
ZHAO Xiao-Min, AI Liang-Hui, ZHANG Ning-Zhen
2002, 10(1): 65-67.
Abstract(1442) PDF(982)
Abstract:
How to solve the present problems in levying agricultural taxes and explore a scientific, concise and easy method to put into practice of agricultural land evaluation is a hot issue now. The research on classifying paddy field in Jiangxi Province, by introducing advanced GIS and dividing 3032500hm2 paddy field in Jiangxi Province into 6 classes, provides an objective standard for lovying agricultural taxes.
Rainwater catching by small watershed and water-saving irrigation in Taihang Mountains
LI Fa-Dong, ZHANG Wan-Jun, Shibano HIROFUMI, ZHANG Qiu-Ying
2002, 10(1): 68-71.
Abstract(953) PDF(1189)
Abstract:
The discharge, precipitation and utilizable quantity of rainwater resources were measured by H-type weir and rain gauge. The results show that catching rainwater by small watershed needs less investment and makes the best use of water resources which creates favorable conditions for economic development in Taihang Mountains. Rainwater resources in these areas are distributed mos tly from May to October. The total precipitation (up to 20mm/d) is 399mm in the year of 2000. The quantity of catchable water in this year is 249 thousand m3 in the studied watershed. Elevation difference between outlet of small watershed and lower reaches is from 30 to 100 meters. All of these supply a favorable basis for developing self-pressure micro-irrigation. Furthermore, water-saving irrigation, drip-irrigation, hole irrigation by plastic film, irrigating critical water, limited irrigation, and water-saving gravity irrigation and so on and should be expanded by adjusting measures to local conditions. Finally, the feasibility of developing water-saving irrigation in Taihang Mountains is analyzed.
Sustainable mechanism of forest resources
YANG Jian-Zhou
2002, 10(1): 72-75.
Abstract(1078) PDF(952)
Abstract:
To ensure the social economic environment of sustainable forest management by system and management innovation is one of the ways for realizing sustainability of forest resources. So, a complete forest management and policy guarantee system should be constructed. Forming new mechanism of forest management is the key to the construction of such system. The new mechanism includes forest resources management mechanism and dynamic-restriction mechanism. The operation of the sustainability mechanism of forest resources is a system engineering, therefore, founding the cooperation dynamic adjustment system is the key to the harmony circulation of this complex system.
Biodiversity evaluation on wetland-A case study form Paleocoast and Wetland Nature Reserve Zone in Tianjin
ZHANG Zheng, LIU Shuang, ZHU Lin, FENG Ying
2002, 10(1): 76-78.
Abstract(2425) PDF(1947)
Abstract:
As a kind of precious natural resources, wetland has an important value on biodiversity reservation. Based on the theory of ecological evaluation of wetland, a biodiversity evaluation method including evaluation index system and assignment standard is established and the biodiversity of Pale ocoast and Wetland Nature Reserve Zone in Tianjin is evaluated.
Technical system of prevention forest fire in the travelled region of Lu Mountain
Jin-Xiang, HU Song-Zhu, YUAN Ping-Cheng, SU Li-Hua, CHEN Xia
2002, 10(1): 79-81.
Abstract(1463) PDF(1032)
Abstract:
The experiment of combustion outside, the determinations of moist content, rough adipose, rough ash content and heat value in 11 major tree species, especially in Pinus taiwanensis Layata, in Lu Mountain are conducted, and inflammable, combustible and fireresistance tree species are selected. Schima superba Gardn. et Champ. andCamellia sinensis(Linn.) are fire-resistance tree species, so they can be used in the construction of forest region of fire prevention, which have an action on the preventing the extension of fire around. The graph of forest fire occurrence is drawn. The grades of fire danger, which are light, low, middle and high, are divided. The force of fire prevention and the graph of equipments in fire revention are offered. The weather conditions, terrain and indication of plant sorts are confirmed, which are susceptible to forest fire. Eight measures such as proposal of fire prevention of society, establishment of “the information free highway” and the pool of fire prevention, biologic and chemical fire prevention, artificial rainfall, etc. are pro posed. The research can decrease fire disasters to a minimum. Therefore both protection of beautiful nvironments and the increase of economic effects in Lu Mountain have improved. The technical system was used in 1999 and 2000, production of 180000 Yuan and revenues of 26000 Yuan were increased, the expenditure of 45000 Yuan was reduced.
Effect of controlling pine caterpillar (Dendrolimus punctatus Walker) by using Dimilin and insect diversity in pine forest
WANG Ming-Xu, WANG Wen-Xue, ZHANG Zi-Ping
2002, 10(1): 82-84.
Abstract(1526) PDF(1066)
Abstract:
The damage of pine caterpillar (Dendrolimus punctatus Walker) has been controlled after using Dimilin in June, 1993 in pest disaster area of Ningxiang County, Hunan Province. The results of investigation in four types of treatment district including Dimilin, Dimilin + Decis, Decis, and CK show that insect number of species and individuals in shrub layer are higher than those in tree crest after 12 generations. The number of species in control district is more higher than that of other three districts and it is the lowest in Decis district. But the insect diversity of shrub layer and tree crest layer has no conspicuous difference among all treatment districts and the insect diversity of shrub should be enriched furthermore.
Quantitative analysis on the effect of planting techniques on the quality of apple-shaped pear
ZHANG Ji-Yi, ZHAO Ha-Lin, LIU Jian-Xun, KONG Dong-Shcng, WANG Li
2002, 10(1): 85-89.
Abstract(1022) PDF(1081)
Abstract:
After measunng the content of components, giving marks on the appearance quality,and edible quality by tasting，1he muulti-linear regression equations between planting techniques and components content appearance quality and edible quality of the fruits respectively are constructed，and the partial coefficients of respective factors of planting techniques to components content, appearance quality and edible quality are drawn out,which indictes the influencing degree of respective factors of planting techniques to the omprehensive quality of apple-shaped pear. Thus, the rule that altitude has effect on the fruits quality of apple-shaped pear is also disclosed from quantity. Analysis results also show that the sequence of correlated degree of the respective factors of planting techniques to the components content of fruits is :altitude>intercropping>tree shape>fertilizing>pest control>density>age,to the appearance quality of fruits is:tree shape>density>age>fertilizing>altitude>intercropping>pest control,and to the edible quality is :pest control>age>density>tree shape>intercropping>fertilizing>fertilizing>altitude.
Cultivation and utilization of edible wild herbs in Taihang Mountain area
CAI Hong, LIU Jin-Tong
2002, 10(1): 90-92.
Abstract(1116) PDF(1273)
Abstract:
The characteristics, the value and current status of cultivation and utilization, and future development trend of edible wild herbs production are introduced. The main kinds and their nutrition constitution of edible wild herbs in Taihang Mountain are also given. Finally, the research possibility of their industrial production is put forward.
Characteristics of farming-forestry-animal husbandry integrated ecosystem in Kaifeng sandy region
WU Ji-Cheng, KONG Xiang-Xuan, KOU Chang-Lin, WANG Qiu-Jie, WANG Yong-Qi
2002, 10(1): 93-96.
Abstract(1088) PDF(1052)
Abstract:
The foundation and its adjusting methods of farming-forestry-animal husbandry compound ecosystem in Kaifeng sandy experimental region are analyzed, and the characteristics of the system are stated. The results show that the ability of biological production has been improved, the income per person is getting more and more, and the input of material and energy of field system is getting better and better. However, there still exist the shortage of potassium and the unbalance of production structure. Finally, the experiments and methods of the system development are suggested.
High efficiency and sustainable development models in Shanxi dryland agriculture regions
JI Zeng-Shun, SUN Jing-Tong
2002, 10(1): 97-100.
Abstract(953) PDF(951)
Abstract:
Dryland agriculture plays an important role in developing Shanxi local economy. Base on resource characteristics of dryland regions, three kinds of sustainable development models in Shanxi dryland agriculture regions are established. (i) the good cycling model of combining farming with raising an imals: its land productivity is increased by 49.7% compared with sole maize production system, a lamb gross weight increased by 11.3kg after 115 days, 14.1% more than that under traditional management. Grass output of slope is 12000～14400kg/hm2.(ii) Model of sweet potato-processing-raising animals: its sweet potato yield is more than 75000kg/hm2，cost of starch film is lower 27.9% than PVC film, two kinds of sweet potato products are produced, the value of producing starch noodle is 10 times sweet potato. (iii) Eco-orchard model with double-way controlling soil water: compared with the clearing orchard, soil water content of 0～60cm depth in eco-orchard is more 3.1%, organic matter content of 0～40cm soil depth is 1.7g/kg higher, exchangeable potassium is more than 0.091mg/g soil. Four years after, the soil density decreases by 0.20g/cm3, number of pests enemy is more than 3 times, pests decrease by 95%, fruit diseases decrease by 80%, first grade fruit yield is 27000kg/hm2, net income increases by 1338 yuan/hm2.
Rainwater-collecting eco-agriculture in semi-arid region of Loess Plateau.
LI Feng-Min, XU Jin-Zhang
2002, 10(1): 101-103.
Abstract(1553) PDF(1169)
Abstract:
The current status, problemes of agricultural development and the importance of rainwater-collecting eco-agriculture in semi-arid region of Loess Plateau are briefly analyzed. The results show that improving the soil moisture is the key to agricultural sustainable development, rainwater-collecting eco-agriculture will have a bright future in semi-arid region of Loess Plateau.
Development and difference of rural ecoeconomy in low-hill red earth areas
WANG Ming-Zhu, CHEN Shao-Fu, XIONG Si-Jian
2002, 10(1): 104-106.
Abstract(1192) PDF(1010)
Abstract:
The results of development and difference of rural eco-economy in low-hill red earth area are stated clearly by factor analysis of multivariate statistics: its general level is low; quality of ecoenvironment is contrary to economy development at the beginning of rural development; rural eco-economy have a qualitative change since 1980s; there are temporal and spatial heterogeneity on eco-economy of village.
Plan selection of straws gasification project and its environmental impact-A case study from Yishui Village, Xinzheng City, Henan Province
ZHANG Cong
2002, 10(1): 107-109.
Abstract(912) PDF(1036)
Abstract:
Taking Yishui Village, Xinzheng City, Henan Province as an example, plan selection of straws gasification project and its environmental impact are analyzed. The results show that straws asification project is favorable to use agricultural waste, relief air pollution, reduce exhaust of greenhouse gases, and improve rural ecoenvironment. Finally, some suggestion on environmental management of the project are put forward.
Management of eco-agricultural industrialization in China
XU Bao-Gen
2002, 10(1): 110-112.
Abstract(1326) PDF(1697)
Abstract:
Base on the comprehensive analyses of study trends and problems on eco-agricultural development, the proposition on industrialization management of eco-agriculture in China is put forward. The supporting techniques, the models of management and social service system are investigated also.
Recreation of agricultural ecosystem in collapsed area
IANG Ye-Lin, HU Xian-Jiang, PAN Ting-Shuang
2002, 10(1): 113-115.
Abstract(862) PDF(1011)
Abstract:
There are many, large collapsed areas in our country, increasing by sixty thousand hm2 per year. The collapse of the earth's surface changes the ecosystem of agriculture. Based on exploiting aquatic product, the Lieshan collapsed area, which is depended on the resource and guided by the market, is engaged in comprehensive development by planting, raising, processing and afforestation. Through all the efforts above, high efficient ecology agriculture in good circles is attained and a good way for comprehensive exploitation of the collapsed area is offered.
Biotechnology application in breeding new wheat variety
AN Diao-Guo, WANG Yan-Mei, LI Jun-Ming, WANG Zhi-Guo
2002, 10(1): 116-117.
Abstract(1517) PDF(1158)
Abstract:
The importance of biotechnology in improving wheat variety and solving problems of output and quality is expounded. The research progress and problems in applying biotechnology in breeding wheat variety in China are summarized also. It is pointed out that new breeding technology is one of key steps to get a breakthrough of crop yield. According to the developing tendency of biotechnology, four types of wheat varieties would be bred to meet the needs of wheat production and people's life in the 21st century.
Developing strategy of grain crop production in Loess Plateau Region of China
LI Jun, SHAO Ming-An, WANG Li-Xiang
2002, 10(1): 118-120.
Abstract(1766) PDF(1039)
Abstract:
Base on simulating productive potential results of wheat, maize, millet, soybean and potato (or rice) on 28 sites of the Loess Plateau Region of China with DSSAT3 model, potential yield per hm2 and its development rate of grain crop in 14 ecological districts are calculated. The results show that the Loess Plateau Region could realize regional grain self-sufficiency before the year of 2020, but it needs huge nvestment of materials and techniques. Moreover, the economic effect of grain production on arid hilly and highland region of Loess Plateau is low, the goal of grain production on Loess Plateau should be to realize grain self-sufficiency of rural people, and it shouldn't emphasize commercialgrain production and regional grain self-sufficiency. In order to prevent eco-environment deterioration and low economic benefit, the grain shortage of the Loess Plateau Region should be applied from grain market of domestic and oversea.
Restriction of resources & environment and structural adjustment of agricultural production in China
ZHU Pei-Xin, QU Fu-Tian
2002, 10(1): 121-123.
Abstract(947) PDF(1087)
Abstract:
Based on agricultural situation, agricultural structure adjustment is faced with some restrictions such as farmers' poor ability to market and science and technology, and will meet more risks; population is large while land is less and agricultural structure adjustment cannot turn much farmland to other uses; Environmental protection plays more impact on agricultural structure adjustment to meet the sustainable development. Finally, some suggestions on agricultural structure adjustment in China are put forward.
Agricultural resources superiority and characteristic agricultural industrialization in West China
GAO Qing-Lu, WANG Li-Xiang
2002, 10(1): 124-126.
Abstract(1311) PDF(1129)
Abstract:
The agricultural resources superiority in West China are analyzed. It is pointed out that the developing direction of the Western agriculture should use, on the basis of stabilizing grain production and keeping the balance between supply and demand of grain, the regional resources super iority and developing characteristic agriculture. Finally, some countermeasures of establishing production base of characteristic agriculture and realizing its industrialization are put forward.
Ecological touring-agriculture and its development in China
ZHENG Zhao-Pei, LIU Zuo-Xin
2002, 10(1): 127-129.
Abstract(1420) PDF(1279)
Abstract:
The meaning, the feature, and successful examples both in China and abroad of the ecological touring-agriculture are introduced. The necessity, possibility and favorable factors to develop ecological touring-agriculture in our country are discussed also. Finally, some problems which should be paid attention in course of its development in our country are put forward.

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