Effects of high temperature stress during pollination on plant morphology, leaf photosynthetic characteristics, and yield of summer maize

MU Xinyuan; MA Zhiyan; LU Liangtao; LYU Shanshan; LIU Tianxue; HU Xiuli; LI Shuyan; JIANG Hantao; FAN Yanping; ZHAO Xia; TANG Baojun; XIA Laikun

doi:10.12357/cjea.20230282

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture > 2024 > Corrected proof

MU X Y, MA Z Y, LU L T, LYU S S, LIU T X, HU X L, LI S Y, JIANG H T, FAN Y P, ZHAO X, TANG B J, XIA L K. Effects of high temperature stress during pollination on plant morphology, leaf photosynthetic characteristics, and yield of summer maize[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2024, 32(1): 106−118 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230282

Citation:

PDF( 4451 KB)

Effects of high temperature stress during pollination on plant morphology, leaf photosynthetic characteristics, and yield of summer maize

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230282

1.
China Meteorological Administration·Henan Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Applied Technique, Zhengzhou 450003, China
2.
Cereal Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Henan International Joint Laboratory on Maize Precision Production, Zhengzhou 450002, China
3.
Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
4.
Henan Huafeng Seed Industry Technology Co., Ltd, Huaxian 456400, China

Funds: This work was supported by the China Meteorological Administration·Henan Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Applied Technique (AMF202108), the Special Fund for Independent Innovation of Cereal Institute of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (LZZC202203), the Innovation Team Project of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2023TD37), and the Project of Corn Industrial Technology System Construction in Henan (HARS-22-02-G2)

More Information

Corresponding author: TANG Baojun, E-mail: henan.maize@163.com; XIA Laikun, E-mail: xialaikun@126.com
Received Date: 2023-05-21
Accepted Date: 2023-09-13

Available Online: 2023-10-07

Abstract

Abstract

High temperatures during the flowering period seriously affect the safe production of summer maize in the Huang-Huai-Hai region. In this experiment, the heat-sensitive variety ‘Xianyu 335’ was used as the test material; the effects of high temperature stress during pollination on plant morphology, leaf photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and yield of summer maize were studied by setting up normal field temperature treatment (CK) and high temperature treatment during pollination (HT). The results showed that in 2021 and 2022, the number of days with maximum canopy temperatures exceeding 40 ℃ in the HT treatment group was 7 and 8 d, respectively, and the maximum canopy temperatures in the HT treatment group were higher than those in the CK group by 1.7−6.8 ℃ and 1.5−4.6 ℃, respectively. HT treatment significantly increased the plant height and ear height of summer maize but had no significant effect on stem diameter and green leaf area during the high-temperature treatment period. However, HT treatment delayed leaf senescence in the late reproductive stage of maize, and the green leaf area at maturity was 34.69% and 163.72% higher than that in the CK group in 2021 and 2022, respectively. During the high-temperature treatment period, leaf stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and intercellular CO₂ concentration were significantly higher and leaf carboxylation efficiency, stomatal limitation value, and water use efficiency were significantly lower in the HT treatment group than in the CK treatment group. The net photosynthetic rate of maize leaf in the HT treatment group varied with the treatment temperature: it significantly reduced when compared with that in the CK treatment group only when HT treatment temperature was too high (generally >40 ℃). High-temperature stress during pollination led to a decrease in the overall photosynthetic performance of the maize leaves. After exposure to 10 d of high temperature stress during pollination, the dry weights of maize stems, leaves, bracts, cobs, and individual plants decreased significantly. The dry weight of the cobs decreased the most, while those of the male ears and filaments increased significantly. HT treatment resulted in an increase in the partitioning of dry matter to stems, leaves, male ears, and filaments, and a significant decrease in partitioning to the cobs. At maturity, HT treatment significantly reduced the dry weights of maize grains and plant by 48.32% and 16.71%, respectively, while those of maize stems and leaves increased by 35.01% and 9.48%. HT treatment resulted in a significant decrease of 54.43% and 53.19% in the seed setting rate and grain number per ear, respectively; a significant increase of 10.13% in 100-grain weight; and a significant decrease of 46.82% in the grain yield. In conclusion, high temperature stress during pollination enhanced the stomatal transpiration of maize leaves, increased intercellular CO₂ concentration, and decreased leaf carboxylation efficiency and water use efficiency. It also led to a decline in the overall photosynthetic performance of the plant and restricted the accumulation of photosynthetic products and their transfer and partitioning to the ear, resulting in a significant decrease in seed setting rate and grain number per ear. This decline also restricted the post-flowering transport of photosynthesized assimilated compounds from the “source” (stems and leaves) to the “sink” (grains), which ultimately led to a significant decrease in grain yield.
- Summer maize,
- Pollination period,
- High temperature stress,
- Photosynthetic characteristics,
- Dry matter accumulation and distribution,
- Yield

FullText(HTML)

References(37)

References

[1]	焦艳平, 陈阜, 唐衡, 等. 我国主要农作区粮食产量贡献率分析[J]. 作物杂志, 2006(1): 17−20 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7283.2006.01.007 JIAO Y P, CHEN F, TANG H, et al. Analysis on the contribution rate of grain output in main agricultural areas of China[J]. Crops, 2006(1): 17−20 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7283.2006.01.007
[2]	霍治国, 张海燕, 李春晖, 等. 中国玉米高温热害研究进展[J]. 应用气象学报, 2023, 34(1): 1−14 HUO Z G, ZHANG H Y, LI C H, et al. Review on high temperature heat damage of maize in China[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 2023, 34(1): 1−14
[3]	王荣, 王遵娅, 高荣, 等. 1961—2020年中国区域性高温过程的气候特征及变化趋势[J]. 地球物理学报, 2023, 66(2): 494−504 doi: 10.6038/cjg2022P0756 WANG R, WANG Z Y, GAO R, et al. Climatology and changing trend of the regional high temperature process in China during 1961−2020[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2023, 66(2): 494−504 doi: 10.6038/cjg2022P0756
[4]	刘行, 张晓龙, 王艺璇, 等. 1960—2018年中国玉米生育期及各生育阶段水热条件时空变化特征[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2021, 29(8): 1417−1429 LIU H, ZHANG X L, WANG Y X, et al. Spatio-temporal characteristics of the hydrothermal conditions in the growth period and various growth stages of maize in China from 1960 to 2018[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2021, 29(8): 1417−1429
[5]	LI T, ZHANG X P, LIU Q, et al. Yield penalty of maize (Zea mays L.) under heat stress in different growth stages: a review[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(9): 2465−2476 doi: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.07.013
[6]	MOORE P D. High hopes for C4 plants[J]. Nature, 1994, 367(6461): 322−323
[7]	YAMORI W, HIKOSAKA K, WAY D A. Temperature response of photosynthesis in C₃, C₄, and CAM plants: temperature acclimation and temperature adaptation[J]. Photosynthesis Research, 2014, 119(1): 101−117
[8]	和骅芸, 胡琦, 潘学标, 等. 气候变化背景下华北平原夏玉米花期高温热害特征及适宜播期分析[J]. 中国农业气象, 2020, 41(1): 1−15 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2020.01.001 HE H Y, HU Q, PAN X B, et al. Characteristics of heat damage during flowering period of summer maize and suitable sowing date in North China Plain under climate change[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2020, 41(1): 1−15 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2020.01.001
[9]	ZHAO C, LIU B, PIAO S L, et al. Temperature increase reduces global yields of major crops in four independent estimates[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2017, 114(35): 9326−9331 doi: 10.1073/pnas.1701762114
[10]	HOU P, LIU Y E, LIU W M, et al. Quantifying maize grain yield losses caused by climate change based on extensive field data across China[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2021, 174: 105811 doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105811
[11]	徐欣莹, 邵长秀, 孙志刚, 等. 高温胁迫对玉米关键生育期生理特性和产量的影响研究进展[J]. 玉米科学, 2021, 29(2): 81−88, 96 doi: 10.13597/j.cnki.maize.science.20210213 XU X Y, SHAO C X, SUN Z G, et al. Research progress on the effect of heat stress on physiological characteristics of maize at key growth stage and the yield[J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2021, 29(2): 81−88, 96 doi: 10.13597/j.cnki.maize.science.20210213
[12]	穆心愿, 马智艳, 张兰薰, 等. 不同耐/感玉米品种的叶片光合荧光特性、授粉结实和产量构成因素对花期高温的反应[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2022(1): 57−71 MU X Y, MA Z Y, ZHANG L X, et al. Responses of photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics, pollination, and yield components of maize cultivars to high temperature during flowering[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022(1): 57−71
[13]	张川, 刘栋, 王洪章, 等. 不同时期高温胁迫对夏玉米物质生产性能及籽粒产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(19): 3710−3722 ZHANG C, LIU D, WANG H Z, et al. Effects of high temperature stress in different periods on dry matter production and grain yield of summer maize[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(19): 3710−3722
[14]	李小凡, 邵靖宜, 于维祯, 等. 高温干旱复合胁迫对夏玉米产量及光合特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(18): 3516−3529 LI X F, SHAO J Y, YU W Z, et al. Combined effects of high temperature and drought on yield and photosynthetic characteristics of summer maize[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(18): 3516−3529
[15]	黄振喜, 王永军, 王空军, 等. 产量15 000 kg·ha⁻¹以上夏玉米灌浆期间的光合特性[J]. 中国农业科学, 2007, 40(9): 1898−1906 HUANG Z X, WANG Y J, WANG K J, et al. Photosynthetic characteristics during grain filling stage of summer maize hybrids with high yield potential of 15 000 kg·ha⁻¹[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2007, 40(9): 1898−1906
[16]	何海军, 王晓娟. 复合群体中玉米光合特性日变化研究[J]. 玉米科学, 2006, 14(1): 104−106 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0906.2006.01.032 HE H J, WANG X J. Study on the diurnal variation of photosynthetic characteristics in wheat/corn intercropping[J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2006, 14(1): 104−106 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0906.2006.01.032
[17]	LI Y T, XU W W, REN B Z, et al. High temperature reduces photosynthesis in maize leaves by damaging chloroplast ultrastructure and photosystem Ⅱ[J]. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2020, 206(5): 548−564 doi: 10.1111/jac.12401
[18]	NIU S D, DU X, WEI D J, et al. Heat stress after pollination reduces kernel number in maize by insufficient assimilates[J]. Frontiers in Genetics, 2021, 12: 728166 doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.728166
[19]	张学鹏, 李腾, 王彪, 等. 玉米叶片“源”的高温胁迫阈值研究[J]. 作物杂志, 2021(2): 62−70 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.02.009 ZHANG X P, LI T, WANG B, et al. Study on high temperature stress threshold of maize leaves[J]. Crops, 2021(2): 62−70 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.02.009
[20]	ROTUNDO J L, TANG T, MESSINA C D. Response of maize photosynthesis to high temperature: implications for modeling the impact of global warming[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2019, 141: 202−205 doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.05.035
[21]	郑云普, 徐明, 王建书, 等. 气候变暖对华北平原玉米叶片形态结构和气体交换过程的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2016, 36(6): 1526−1538 ZHENG Y P, XU M, WANG J S, et al. Effects of future climate warming on the morphology, structure, and gas exchange of maize leaves in the North China Plain[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(6): 1526−1538
[22]	郑云普, 党承华, 郝立华, 等. 华北平原玉米叶片光合及呼吸过程对实验增温的适应性[J]. 生态学报, 2016, 36(16): 5236−5246 ZHENG Y P, DANG C H, HAO L H, et al. Photosynthetic and respiratory acclimation of maize leaves to experimental warming in the North China Plain[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(16): 5236−5246
[23]	王娇, 李萍, 宗毓铮, 等. 大气CO₂浓度和气温升高对玉米灌浆期碳氮代谢的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2023, 31(2): 325−335 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220395 WANG J, LI P, ZONG Y Z, et al. Effects of increased atmospheric CO₂ concentration and temperature on carbon and nitrogen metabolism in maize at the grain filling stage[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(2): 325−335 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220395
[24]	WANG Y Y, SHENG D C, ZHANG P, et al. High temperature sensitivity of kernel formation in different short periods around silking in maize[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2021, 183: 104343 doi: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104343
[25]	DE SANTANA T A, DA SILVA L D, DE OLIVEIRA P S, et al. Leaf gas exchange and biomass partitioning in Jatropha curcas L. young plants subjected to flooding and drought stresses[J]. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2017, 11(7): 792–798
[26]	DUAN Q Q, JIANG W, DING M, et al. Light affects the chloroplast ultrastructure and post-storage photosynthetic performance of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) plug seedlings[J]. PLoS One, 2014, 9(10): e111165 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111165
[27]	张忠学, 陈帅宏, 陈鹏, 等. 基于稳定碳同位素的寒地黑土区玉米水分利用效率研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2018, 49(8): 265−274 doi: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.08.031 ZHANG Z X, CHEN S H, CHEN P, et al. Water use efficiency of maize in black soil of cold regions based on stable carbon isotopes[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2018, 49(8): 265−274 doi: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.08.031
[28]	付景, 孙宁宁, 刘天学, 等. 高温胁迫对玉米形态、叶片结构及其产量的影响[J]. 玉米科学, 2019, 27(1): 46−53 doi: 10.13597/j.cnki.maize.science.20190108 FU J, SUN N N, LIU T X, et al. Effect of high temperature stress on morphology, leaf structure and grain yield of maize[J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2019, 27(1): 46−53 doi: 10.13597/j.cnki.maize.science.20190108
[29]	孙宁宁. 玉米叶、粒对高温胁迫的响应[D]. 郑州: 河南农业大学, 2017 SUN N N. Response of maize leaves and grains to high temperature stress[D]. Zhengzhou: Henan Agricultural University, 2017
[30]	HAN L L, JIANG C G, ZHANG W, et al. Morphological characterization and transcriptome analysis of new dwarf and narrow-leaf (dnl2) mutant in maize[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022, 23(2): 795 doi: 10.3390/ijms23020795
[31]	RATTALINO EDREIRA J I, OTEGUI M E. Heat stress in temperate and tropical maize hybrids: differences in crop growth, biomass partitioning and reserves use[J]. Field Crops Research, 2012, 130: 87−98 doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2012.02.009
[32]	YANG L, GUO S, CHEN F J, et al. Effects of pollination-prevention on leaf senescence and post-silking nitrogen accumulation and remobilization in maize hybrids released in the past four decades in China[J]. Field Crops Research, 2017, 203: 106−113 doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2016.12.022
[33]	YAMORI W. Photosynthetic response to fluctuating environments and photoprotective strategies under abiotic stress[J]. Journal of Plant Research, 2016, 129(3): 379−395 doi: 10.1007/s10265-016-0816-1
[34]	SADOK W, LOPEZ J R, SMITH K P. Transpiration increases under high-temperature stress: potential mechanisms, trade-offs and prospects for crop resilience in a warming world[J]. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2021, 44(7): 2102−2116
[35]	FENG X L, LIU R, LI C J, et al. Contrasting responses of two C₄ desert shrubs to drought but consistent decoupling of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance at high temperature[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2023, 209: 105295 doi: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2023.105295
[36]	陈国平. 玉米的干物质生产与分配(综述)[J]. 玉米科学, 1994, 2(1): 48−53 doi: 10.13597/j.cnki.maize.science.1994.01.014 CHEN G P. Dry matter production and distribution of maize (review)[J]. Maize Sciences, 1994, 2(1): 48−53 doi: 10.13597/j.cnki.maize.science.1994.01.014
[37]	盛得昌, 王媛媛, 黄收兵, 等. 高温对玉米植株形态与功能、产量构成及子粒养分的影响[J]. 玉米科学, 2020, 28(5): 86−92 doi: 10.13597/j.cnki.maize.science.20200513 SHENG D C, WANG Y Y, HUANG S B, et al. Effects of high temperature on morphology and function, yield components and grain nutrients of maize plants[J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2020, 28(5): 86−92 doi: 10.13597/j.cnki.maize.science.20200513