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氮肥和调理剂对土壤碳氮含量及莜麦产量的影响

索文康 杨金翰 胡晨阳 冯莎莎 田小明

索文康, 杨金翰, 胡晨阳, 冯莎莎, 田小明. 氮肥和调理剂对土壤碳氮含量及莜麦产量的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−10 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220553
引用本文: 索文康, 杨金翰, 胡晨阳, 冯莎莎, 田小明. 氮肥和调理剂对土壤碳氮含量及莜麦产量的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−10 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220553
SUO W K, YANG J H, HU C Y, FENG S S, TIAN X M. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and conditioner on soil carbon and nitrogen content and yield of oat[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−10 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220553
Citation: SUO W K, YANG J H, HU C Y, FENG S S, TIAN X M. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and conditioner on soil carbon and nitrogen content and yield of oat[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−10 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220553

氮肥和调理剂对土壤碳氮含量及莜麦产量的影响

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220553
基金项目: 河北省自然科学基金(D2020405002)、河北省重点研发项目(21326405D)和河北省属基本高校科研项目(JYT2021003)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    索文康, 主要进行土壤调理剂方面的研究。E-mail: 2995643957@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    田小明, 主要从事土壤养分资源高效利用方面的研究。E-mail: txm7458103@163.com

  • 中图分类号: S156.2; S158.3

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and conditioner on soil carbon and nitrogen content and yield of oat

Funds: The study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (D2020405002), the Key R & D Project of Hebei Province (21326405D) and the Scientific Research Project of Provincial Basic Universities of Hebei Province (JYT2021003).
More Information
  • 摘要: 为探究减氮下调理剂对土壤养分及莜麦产量的调控作用, 以自主研发的新型液态调理剂为研究对象, 设置不施肥(CK)、80%氮肥(N80)、常规施氮(N100)、调理剂+80%氮肥(PN80)、调理剂+常规施氮(PN100) 5个处理, 分析不同氮肥用量添加调理剂对冀西北地区土壤物理性状、不同土层碳氮组分含量及莜麦产量的影响。结果表明, 与常规施氮(N100)处理相比, PN80处理的土壤含水量、田间持水量、孔隙度分别显著提高8.72%、8.22%、17.68% (P<0.05), 土壤容重显著降低9.06% (P<0.05)。对土壤有机碳、全氮及其组分研究表明, PN80处理较N100显著提高0~60 cm土层的有机碳、全氮、硝态氮和20~60 cm土层活性有机碳、微生物量碳, 分别提高4.97%~20.06%、8.43%~11.66%、23.10%~44.96%和11.95%~40.49%、11.43%~40.42% (P<0.05)。不同处理对莜麦养分及产量的影响差异较大, 其中PN80处理效果最为显著。与N100相比, PN80的莜麦全氮、全磷、全钾含量及作物产量分别显著提高12.93%、15.16%、3.69%、18.73% (P<0.05)。同时, 与N100相比, N80在减氮20%的情况下显著降低了莜麦NPK吸收量, 但并未造成莜麦减产。综上所述, 较常规施肥措施, 减氮(80%氮肥)添加调理剂可以改良土壤性状, 增加土壤碳组分含量, 减少硝态氮淋溶的风险, 进而提高莜麦植株的养分及产量, 这对实现农业绿色发展, 减少肥料投入对环境产生的影响, 提高氮肥利用率具有重要意义。
  • 图  1  研究区莜麦生育期内气温和降水量

    Figure  1.  Temperature and precipitation during naked oats growth period in the study area

    图  2  不同氮用量添加调理剂对土壤碳组分的变化

    TOC: 土壤有机碳; LOC: 土壤活性有机碳; SMBC: 土壤微生物量碳; CPMI: 土壤碳库管理指数. 图中不同小写字母表示同一土层不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。TOC: soil organic carbon content; LOC: soil active organic carbon content; SMBC: soil microbial quantitative carbon content; CPMI: soil carbon reservoir management index. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments in the same soil layer at P<0.05 level.

    Figure  2.  Changes in contents of soil carbon compositions under different treatments of soil conditioner addition and nitrogen dosage

    图  3  不同氮用量添加调理剂对土壤氮组分的变化

    TN: 土壤全氮; NO3-N: 土壤硝态氮; NH4+-N: 土壤铵态氮. 图中不同小写字母表示同一土层不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。TN: soil total nitrogen; NO3-N: soil nitrate nitrogen; NH4+-N: soil ammonium nitrogen. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments in the same soil layer at P<0.05 level.

    Figure  3.  Changes in contents of soil nitrogen compositions under different treatments of soil conditioner addition and nitrogen dosage

    图  4  土壤碳氮组分及理化性状与作物养分及产量的相关关系

    TOC: 土壤有机碳含量; LOC: 土壤活性有机碳含量; SMBC: 土壤微生物量碳含量; CPMI: 土壤碳库管理指数; TN: 土壤全氮含量; NN: 土壤硝态氮含量; AN: 土壤铵态氮含量; BD: 土壤容重; EC: 土壤电导率; FC: 田间持水量; Por: 土壤孔隙度; MC: 土壤含水量; N: 作物全氮含量; P: 作物全磷含量; K: 作物全钾含量; Yield: 作物产量。TOC: soil organic carbon content; LOC: soil active organic carbon content; SMBC: soil microbial biomass carbon content; CPMI: soil carbon sink management index; TN: soil total nitrogen content; NN: soil nitrate nitrogen content; AN: soil ammonium nitrogen content; BD: soil bulk density; EC: electrical conductivity; FC: soil field capacity; Por: soil porosity; MC: soil water content; N: crop nitrogen content; P: crop phosphorus content; K: crop potassium content; Yield: crop yield.

    Figure  4.  Correlation between soil carbon and nitrogen components and physicochemical traits and crop nutrients and yield

    表  1  各处理和施肥量

    Table  1.   Treatments and fertilization rates

    处理
    Treatment
    施氮量
    N (kg∙hm−2)
    调理剂
    Conditioner ingredients (kg∙hm−2)
    CK不施氮肥和调理剂
    No nitrogen fertilizer and conditioning machines
    N8080%氮肥
    80% nitrogen fertilizer
    240
    N100100%氮肥
    100% nitrogen fertilizer
    300
    PN80调理剂+80%氮肥
    Conditioner+80% nitrogen fertilizer
    24012
    PN100调理剂+100%氮肥
    Conditioner+100% nitrogen fertilizer
    30012
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同处理对土壤物理及化学性质的变化

    Table  2.   Changes in soil physical and chemical properties under different treatments of soil conditioner addition and nitrogen dosage

    处理
    Treatment
    容重
    Bulk density
    (g∙cm−3)
    含水量
    Moisture
    (%)
    孔隙度
    Porosity
    (%)
    田间持水量
    Field capacity
    (%)
    电导率
    Electrical conductivity
    (dS∙m−1)
    pH
    CK1.333±0.019b16.2±0.5b50.0±0.4b36.1±0.5c120.5±0.3a8.49±0.01a
    N801.257±0.012c15.4±0.5c52.6±0.6a39.8±0.7b109.5±0.7c8.35±0.01c
    N1001.360±0.016a15.5±0.8c48.7±0.7c38.1±0.6bc112.3±0.4b8.42±0.01b
    PN801.247±0.005c16.8±0.4a52.7±0.5a44.9±2.3a113.7±1.0b8.47±0.01a
    PN1001.277±0.029c17.0±0.6a51.8±1.0a43.7±2.4a120.3±1.0a8.43±0.01b
      表中数据为平均数±标准偏差, 同列不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。The data in the table is the average ± standard deviation. Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同氮用量添加调理剂对莜麦养分及产量的变化特征

    Table  3.   Changes of nutrient and yield of naked oats under different treatments of soil conditioner addition and nitrogen dosage

    处理
    Treatment
    全氮
    Total nitrogen (g∙kg−1)
    全磷
    Total phosphorus (g∙kg−1)
    全钾
    Total potassium (g∙kg−1)
    产量
    Yield (kg∙hm−2)
    CK9.36±0.24d2.26±0.06c2.85±0.05d2115.64±153.11c
    N8011.05±0.70c2.02±0.00d2.98±0.08c2595.40±98.52b
    N10012.53±0.35b2.44±0.01b3.25±0.02b2762.73±148.34b
    PN8014.15±0.06a2.81±0.14a3.37±0.02a3280.11±69.94a
    PN10012.59±0.20b2.29±0.15bc3.32±0.07ab3270.94±70.35a
      表中数据为平均数±标准偏差, 同列不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。The data in the table is the average ± standard deviation. Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-07-18
  • 录用日期:  2022-11-22
  • 修回日期:  2022-12-21
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-12-27

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