留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

长期棉花秸秆还田和施用有机肥对棉田土壤养分含量和酶活性的影响

郭振威 李永山 王慧 陈梦妮 范巧兰 杨娜 席吉龙 张建诚

郭振威, 李永山, 王慧, 陈梦妮, 范巧兰, 杨娜, 席吉龙, 张建诚. 长期棉花秸秆还田和施用有机肥对棉田土壤养分含量和酶活性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−8 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220614
引用本文: 郭振威, 李永山, 王慧, 陈梦妮, 范巧兰, 杨娜, 席吉龙, 张建诚. 长期棉花秸秆还田和施用有机肥对棉田土壤养分含量和酶活性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−8 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220614
GUO Z W, LI Y S, WANG H, CHEN M N, FAN Q L, YANG N, XI J L, ZHANG J C. Effects of long-term cotton straw return and application of manure on soil nutrients and enzyme activity in cotton field[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−8 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220614
Citation: GUO Z W, LI Y S, WANG H, CHEN M N, FAN Q L, YANG N, XI J L, ZHANG J C. Effects of long-term cotton straw return and application of manure on soil nutrients and enzyme activity in cotton field[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−8 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220614

长期棉花秸秆还田和施用有机肥对棉田土壤养分含量和酶活性的影响

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220614
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200102)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    郭振威, 主要从事植物营养与土壤生态研究。 E-mail: 418231000@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    李永山, 主要从事植物营养与土壤生态研究。E-mail: sxysli@126.com

  • 中图分类号: S158.3

Effects of long-term cotton straw return and application of manure on soil nutrients and enzyme activity in cotton field

Funds: This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0200102).
More Information
  • 摘要: 为明确棉花秸秆还田与施用有机肥对土壤的影响, 探究长期棉花秸秆还田和施用有机肥对连作棉田土壤养分含量和酶活性的影响,为棉秆还田和施用有机肥的推广提供依据。 本研究依托山西农业科学院棉花研究所始于2007年牛家凹棉花长期定位试验站, 设置了氮磷化肥+秸秆清茬(NP)、氮磷化肥+秸秆还田(NPS)、氮磷化肥+有机肥(NPM)及氮磷化肥+秸秆还田+有机肥(NPSM)共4个处理, 测定不同处理在棉花不同生育期对土壤养分含量和酶活性的影响, 并对两者之间的关系进行了探究。结果表明: 与处理NP相比, 处理NPS、NPM和NPSM的棉花产量分别显著增加10.23%、11.10%和26.22% (P<0.05)。处理NPSM对土壤养分含量提升幅度最大, 与同期处理NP相比, 全氮、全磷、碱解氮、速效钾和有效磷含量分别显著提高48.76%~60.18%、91.23%~112.18%、140.63%~229.17%、35.86%~60.54%和146.92%~483.34% (P<0.05), 均达到显著性差异水平。同样, 各处理中, 处理NPSM明显提高了土壤的酶活性, 与同期的处理NP相比, 土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶活性分别显著提高118.50%~151.84%、76.81%~93.11%、30.53%~41.33%和83.41%~129.32% (P<0.05)。相关性分析表明, 土壤养分含量的增加会促进酶活性的提升。因此, 长期秸秆还田配施有机肥后可显著提高连作棉田产量, 增加土壤的养分含量, 提升土壤中酶活性, 从而达到优化土壤结构、提升土壤肥力的目的。
  • 图  1  不同处理对棉花不同生育期土壤酶活性的影响

    G1: 蕾期; G2: 花期; G3: 吐絮期; G4: 拔杆期。同一生育期不同字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。G1: bud stage; G2: florescence stage; G3: boll opening stage; G4: pole pulling stage. Different letters of the same stage indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05).

    Figure  1.  Effects of different treatments on soil enzyme activities in different growth stages of cotton

    表  1  不同处理的施肥种类和施肥量

    Table  1.   Fertilizers and application rates of each treatment

    处理 Treatment种类及用量 Type and application rate
    NP氮磷化肥+秸秆清茬
    Nitrogen and phosphorus chemical fertilizer +
    straw stubble cleaning
    N: 172.5 kg(N)∙hm−2; P: 138 kg(P2O5)∙hm−2
    NPS氮磷化肥+秸秆还田
    Nitrogen and phosphorus chemical fertilizer +
    straw returning
    N、P同上; 3702 kg∙hm−2棉花秸秆还田, 还田秸秆含N 34 kg、P2O5 9.7 kg
    Treatment NP and 3702 kg∙hm−2 cotton straw returning
    (the returned straws contain N 34 kg, P2O5 9.7 kg)
    NPM氮磷化肥+有机肥
    Nitrogen and phosphorus chemical fertilizer +
    organic fertilizer
    N、P同上, M为发酵鸡粪肥, 施入量22.5 m3∙hm−2
    Treatment NP and 22.5 m3∙hm−2 fermented chicken manure application
    (chicken manure contains 1.86% N, 3.67% P2O5, 1.74% K2O)
    NPSM氮磷化肥+秸秆还田+有机肥
    Nitrogen and phosphorus chemical fertilizer +
    straw returning+ organic fertilizer
    N、P和有机肥同上, 4752 kg∙hm−2棉花秸秆还田, 还田秸秆含N 43.7 kg、P2O5 12.4 kg
    Treatment NPM and 4752 kg∙hm−2 cotton straw returning
    (the returned straws contain N 43.7 kg, P2O5 12.4 kg)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  长期不同施肥处理的棉花产量

    Table  2.   Yield of cotton under different treatments of long term fertilization

    kg∙hm−2 
    处理
    Treatment
    籽棉产量
    Seed cotton yield
    NP3470±35c
    NPS3825±159b
    NPM3855±30b
    NPSM4380±60a
      不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。Different letters mean significant differences among treatment (P<0.05).
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  长期不同施肥处理下棉花不同生育期土壤养分含量

    Table  3.   Soil nutrients contents of cotton fields at different growth stages under under different treatments of long term fertilization

    土壤养分
    Soil nutrient
    处理
    Treatment
    蕾期
    Bud stage
    花期
    Florescence
    吐絮期
    Boll opening stage
    拔杆期
    Pole pulling period
    全氮
    Total nitrogen
    (g∙kg−1)
    NP 1.06±0.10d 1.17±0.02c 1.12±0.03d 1.00±0.06d
    NPM 1.25±0.04c 1.44±0.02b 1.31±0.11c 1.19±0.02c
    NPS 1.44±0.04b 1.50±0.03a 1.48±0.06b 1.42±0.07b
    NPSM 1.69±0.06a 1.74±0.08a 1.67±0.04a 1.53±0.04a
    全磷
    Total phosphorus
    (g∙kg−1)
    NP 1.86±0.02d 1.81±0.06d 1.84±0.02d 1.97±0.06d
    NPM 3.16±0.08b 2.87±0.12b 2.96±0.02b 2.90±0.03b
    NPS 2.36±0.08c 2.54±0.14c 2.48±0.05c 2.38±0.05c
    NPSM 3.56±0.04a 3.66±0.11a 3.90±0.09a 3.89±0.09a
    碱解氮
    Alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen
    (mg∙kg−1)
    NP 67.67±3.30d 74.67±3.30c 56.00±5.71d 56.00±0d
    NPM 95.67±4.35c 95.67±8.73b 91.00±5.71c 84.00±5.71c
    NPS 128.33±8.73b 109.67±3.29b 128.33±6.60b 114.33±3.30b
    NPSM 170.33±8.73a 179.67±11.90a 184.33±3.30a 175.00±5.72a
    速效钾
    Available potassium
    (mg∙kg−1)
    NP 245.52±4.91d 228.55±6.23d 245.05±5.80d 252.47±10.45d
    NPM 347.59±6.82b 329.26±8.22b 327.12±11.62b 306.44±9.21b
    NPS 291.35±5.92c 273.02±8.43c 289.02±8.39c 284.73±9.51c
    NPSM 394.17±6.08a 360.85±4.67a 359.17±10.53a 343.01±8.19a
    有效磷
    Available phosphorus
    (g∙kg−1)
    NP 79.17±4.38d 53.52±4.73d 28.08±1.66c 20.59±2.09d
    NPM 137.55±6.99b 109.68±7.05b 119.2±2.65b 86.22±2.04b
    NPS 94.43±2.44c 64.79±2.19c 32.48±2.09c 28.01±3.49c
    NPSM 195.49±4.92a 156.92±3.55a 134.53±4.01a 120.11±3.76a
      同列同一指标不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著。Different letters in the same column of the same indicator mean significant differences among treatment (P<0.05).
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  棉田土壤酶活性与土壤养分相关系数

    Table  4.   Correlation coefficients between soil enzymes activities and nutrients contents of cotton field

    蔗糖酶 Sucrase脲酶 Urease磷酸酶 phosphatase过氧化氢酶 Catalase
    碱解氮 Alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen0.912**0.687**0.843**0.848**
    速效钾 Available potassium0.718**0.870**0.874**0.857**
    有效磷 Available phosphorus0.566**0.767**0.705**0.660**
    全氮 Total nitrogen0.429**0.2400.483**0.517**
    全磷 Total phosphorus0.815**0.900**0.888**0.882**
      **: P<0.01.
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1] 吴杰. 新疆棉花秸秆利用现状分析和探讨[J]. 中国棉花, 2006, 33(2): 9−11 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-632X.2006.02.004

    WU J. Analysis and discussion on utilization of cotton straw in Xinjiang[J]. China Cotton, 2006, 33(2): 9−11 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-632X.2006.02.004
    [2] 秦都林, 王双磊, 刘艳慧, 等. 滨海盐碱地棉花秸秆还田对土壤理化性质及棉花产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2017, 43(7): 1030−1042 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.01030

    QIN D L, WANG S L, LIU Y H, et al. Effects of cotton stalk returning on soil physical and chemical properties and cotton yield in coastal saline-alkali soil[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2017, 43(7): 1030−1042 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.01030
    [3] 牛百成, 赵成义, 俞永祥, 等. 棉花秸秆和氮肥对土壤CO2和N2O排放及碳氮排放系数的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2017, 34(6): 1323−1330

    NIU B C, ZHAO C Y, YU Y X, et al. Effects of cotton straw and nitrogen fertilizer on soil CO2 and N2O emissions and their coefficients[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2017, 34(6): 1323−1330
    [4] 黄金花, 刘军, 杨志兰, 等. 秸秆还田下长期连作棉田土壤有机碳活性组分的变化特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2015, 24(3): 387−395

    HUANG J H, LIU J, YANG Z L, et al. Changes of cotton straw incorporation on soil organic carbon activity matter of long-term continuous cropping cotton field[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2015, 24(3): 387−395
    [5] 刘军, 唐志敏, 刘建国, 等. 长期连作及秸秆还田对棉田土壤微生物量及种群结构的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2012, 21(8): 1418−1422

    LIU J, TANG Z M, LIU J G, et al. Effects of cotton continuous cropping and returning stalks to soil on the quantities and community structure of soil microbes[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2012, 21(8): 1418−1422
    [6] 姚佳璇, 俄胜哲, 袁金华, 等. 施肥对灌漠土作物产量、土壤肥力与重金属含量的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2020, 28(6): 813−825

    YAO J X, E S Z, YUAN J H, et al. Effects of different organic matters on crop yields, soil quality and heavy metal content in irrigated desert soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2020, 28(6): 813−825
    [7] 宁川川, 王建武, 蔡昆争. 有机肥对土壤肥力和土壤环境质量的影响研究进展[J]. 生态环境学报, 2016, 25(1): 175−181

    NING C C, WANG J W, CAI K Z. The effects of organic fertilizers on soil fertility and soil environmental quality: a review[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2016, 25(1): 175−181
    [8] 徐明岗, 李冬初, 李菊梅, 等. 化肥有机肥配施对水稻养分吸收和产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2008, 41(10): 3133−3139 doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2008.10.029

    XU M G, LI D C, LI J M, et al. Effects of organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers on nutrients absorption and yield of rice in Hunan of China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2008, 41(10): 3133−3139 doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2008.10.029
    [9] 张星杰, 刘景辉, 李立军, 等. 保护性耕作方式下土壤养分、微生物及酶活性研究[J]. 土壤通报, 2009, 40(3): 542−546

    ZHANG X J, LIU J H, LI L J, et al. Effects of different conservation tillage on soil microbes quantities and enzyme activities in dry cultivation[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2009, 40(3): 542−546
    [10] 邢力, 张玉铭, 胡春胜, 等. 长期不同养分循环再利用途径对农田土壤养分演替规律与培肥效果的影响研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2022, 30(6): 937−951

    XING L, ZHANG Y M, HU C S, et al. Effects of long-term nutrient recycling pathways on soil nutrient dynamics and fertility in farmland[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022, 30(6): 937−951
    [11] PIOTROWSKA A, WILCZEWSKI E. Effects of catch crops cultivated for green manure and mineral nitrogen fertilization on soil enzyme activities and chemical properties[J]. Geoderma, 2012, 189/190: 72−80 doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.04.018
    [12] 刘艳慧, 王双磊, 李金埔, 等. 棉花秸秆还田对土壤微生物数量及酶活性的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2016, 31(6): 151−156

    LIU Y H, WANG S L, LI J P, et al. Effects of cotton straw returning soil on soil microbes quantites and enzyme activities[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2016, 31(6): 151−156
    [13] 张伟, 龚久平, 刘建国. 秸秆还田对连作棉田土壤酶活性的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2011, 20(5): 881−885

    ZHANG W, GONG J P, LIU J G. Effect of returning cotton stalk to long-term continuous cropping filed on soil enzyme activities[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2011, 20(5): 881−885
    [14] 刘增兵, 束爱萍, 刘光荣, 等. 有机肥替代化肥对双季稻产量和土壤养分的影响[J]. 江西农业学报, 2018, 30(11): 35−39

    LIU Z B, SHU A P, LIU G R, et al. Effects of partial replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic manure on rice yield and soil nutrient in double cropping system[J]. Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi, 2018, 30(11): 35−39
    [15] MARCOTE I, HERNÁNDEZ T, GARCı́A C, et al. Influence of one or two successive annual applications of organic fertilisers on the enzyme activity of a soil under barley cultivation[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2001, 79(2): 147−154 doi: 10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00048-7
    [16] 李其胜, 赵贺, 汪志鹏, 等. 有机肥替代部分化肥对稻麦轮作土壤养分利用和酶活性的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2020, 51(4): 912−919

    LI Q S, ZHAO H, WANG Z P, et al. Effects of organic fertilizer replacing partial chemical fertilizer on nutrient utilization and soil enzyme activity in a rice-wheat cropping system[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2020, 51(4): 912−919
    [17] 鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 3版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000

    BAO S D. Soil and Agricultural Chemistry Analysis[M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000
    [18] 严昶升. 土壤肥力研究方法[M]. 北京: 农业出版社, 1988

    YAN C S. Research Methods for Soil Fertility[M]. Beijing: Agriculture Press, 1988
    [19] 关松荫. 土壤酶及其研究法[M]. 北京: 农业出版社, 1986

    GUAN S Y. Sil enzymes and the research methods[M]. Beijing: Agriculture Press, 1986
    [20] 刘建国, 张伟, 李彦斌, 等. 新疆绿洲棉花长期连作对土壤理化性状与土壤酶活性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2009, 42(2): 725−733

    LIU J G, ZHANG W, LI Y B, et al. Effects of long-term continuous cropping system of cotton on soil physical-chemical properties and activities of soil enzyme in oasis in Xinjiang[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2009, 42(2): 725−733
    [21] 陈虹, 杨磊, 张凤华. 新疆长期棉花连作对土壤理化性状与线虫群落的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(12): 4263−4271

    CHEN H, YANG L, ZHANG F H. Effects of continuous cotton monocropping on soil physicochemical properties and nematode community in Xinjiang, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(12): 4263−4271
    [22] 劳秀荣, 孙伟红, 王真, 郝艳如, 张昌爱. 秸秆还田与化肥配合施用对土壤肥力的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 2003, 40(4): 618−623 doi: 10.11766/trxb200111300421

    LAO X R, SUN W H, WANG Z, et al. Effect of matching use of straw and chemical fertilizer on soil fertility[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2003, 40(4): 618−623 doi: 10.11766/trxb200111300421
    [23] 张富丽, 尹全, 王东, 等. Bt抗虫棉秸秆还田对土壤养分特征的影响[J]. 生物安全学报, 2020, 29(1): 69−77 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1787.2020.01.011

    ZHANG F L, YIN Q, WANG D, et al. Effects of returning Bt cotton straw on soil nutrient characteristics[J]. Journal of Biosafety, 2020, 29(1): 69−77 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1787.2020.01.011
    [24] NAMAGHI H H, KARAMI G H, SAADAT S. A study on chemical properties of groundwater and soil in ophiolitic rocks in Firuzabad, east of Shahrood, Iran: with emphasis to heavy metal contamination[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2011, 174(1/2/3/4): 573−583
    [25] FANSLER S J, SMITH J L, BOLTON H, et al. Distribution of two C cycle enzymes in soil aggregates of a prairie chronosequence[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2005, 42(1): 17−23 doi: 10.1007/s00374-005-0867-2
    [26] 周礼恺. 土壤酶学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1987

    ZHOU L K. Soil enzymology [M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1987
    [27] 樊俊, 谭军, 王瑞, 等. 秸秆还田和腐熟有机肥对植烟土壤养分、酶活性及微生物多样性的影响[J]. 烟草科技, 2019, 52(2): 12−18,61

    FAN J, TAN J, WANG R, et al. Effects of straw returning and decomposed organic manure on soil nutrient contents, enzyme activities and microbial diversity for tobacco-planting[J]. Tobacco Science & Technology, 2019, 52(2): 12−18,61
    [28] 董亮, 田慎重, 王学君, 等. 秸秆还田对土壤养分及土壤微生物数量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2017, 33(11): 77−80

    DONG L, TIAN S Z, WANG X J, et al. Effect of straw turnover on soil nutrients and soil microbial population[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2017, 33(11): 77−80
    [29] 李威, 成永旭, 孙颖, 等. 秸秆还田配施氮肥对冬春季稻虾田水质、土壤养分及酶活性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2020, 28(7): 1051−1060

    LI W, CHENG Y X, SUN Y, et al. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and returning straw on aquaculture water soil nutrients and enzyme activity in rice-crayfish fields during winter and spring[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2020, 28(7): 1051−1060
  • 加载中
图(1) / 表(4)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  6
  • HTML全文浏览量:  3
  • PDF下载量:  4
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-08-08
  • 录用日期:  2022-12-31
  • 修回日期:  2023-01-31
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-03-06

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回