盐渍化土壤团聚体和微生物与有机质关系研究进展

董心亮; 王金涛; 田柳; 娄泊远; 张雪佳; 刘彤; 刘小京; 孙宏勇

doi:10.12357/cjea.20220752

盐渍化土壤团聚体和微生物与有机质关系研究进展

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220752

中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心/中国科学院农业水资源重点实验室/河北省节水农业重点实验室　石家庄　050022

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFE0114500, 2021YFD1901002, 2021YFD1900904)和国家自然科学基金项目(41907017)资助

详细信息

作者简介:
董心亮, 主要研究方向为土壤有机质周转及调控过程。E-mail: xldong@sjziam.ac.cn

通讯作者:
孙宏勇, 主要研究方向为盐渍化土壤水盐运移过程及盐碱耕地质量提升。E-mail: hysun@sjziam.ac.cn

中图分类号: S152
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-29
- 录用日期: 2022-11-17
- 修回日期: 2022-09-29
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-21

Review of relationships between soil aggregates, microorganisms and soil organic matter in salt-affected soil

Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Hebei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water-saving, Shijiazhuang 050022, China

Funds: This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFE0114500, 2021YFD1901002, 2021YFD1900904) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41907017).

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Corresponding author: E-mail: hysun@sjziam.ac.cn

摘要

摘要: 土壤有机质是耕地质量的核心, 不仅促进土壤团聚体形成, 也为植物和微生物提供养分。土壤有机质的形成和分解过程都离不开微生物的参与, 而土壤团聚体不仅为微生物提供了栖息环境, 也对有机质进行物理保护。在高盐分含量的土壤中, 有机质的积累和分解过程变得更加复杂, 因此本文总结了土壤盐渍化及其危害, 分析了土壤盐分对土壤团聚结构和微生物特征的影响、盐碱土壤有机质特征及积累规律, 进而综述了土壤盐分对土壤有机质影响规律的研究进展, 旨在揭示盐碱土壤碳封存的潜在机理。以往研究表明盐渍化土壤有机质含量低、团聚结构差、微生物活性低, 这些都与土壤盐分含量高和外源有机物质输入量低有关。恶劣的土壤结构导致盐渍化土壤有机质暴露而较易分解, 低量的外源有机物质输入导致盐渍化土壤有机质较难积累。可见, 盐渍化土壤是潜在的碳库, 适宜的措施可以显著提高盐渍化土壤有机质含量。在此基础上, 提出未来盐渍化土壤有机质积累的研究方向: 1)不同盐分环境下土壤团聚结构和土壤微生物在有机质分解过程中的响应规律; 2)外源有机物料添加下土壤团聚结构和土壤微生物在有机质积累过程中的响应规律; 3)土壤有机质提升后盐碱地生产力特征。以上研究不仅可以阐明盐碱土壤有机质的周转机理, 为盐碱地“固碳封存”提供理论依据, 还可以有针对性地提供盐碱耕地质量提升措施, 推进盐碱地绿色可持续发展。
- 盐碱土 /
- 土壤有机质 /
- 土壤团聚体 /
- 土壤微生物
Abstract: Soil organic matter is a fundamental aspect of cultivated land quality, which not only promotes the formation of soil aggregates but also provides nutrients for plants and microorganisms. The formation and decomposition of soil organic matter are inseparable from the participation of microorganisms. Soil aggregates not only provide a habitat for microorganisms but also provide physical protection for organic matter. In soils with high salt content, the accumulation and decomposition of organic matter become more complex. Therefore, this paper summarized soil salinization and its deleterious effects, analyzed the impact of soil salt on soil aggregate structure and microbial characteristics, and described the characteristics and accumulation rules of organic matter in saline-alkali soil. Additionally, the research progress on the impact of soil salt on soil organic matter was summarized to reveal the potential mechanism of carbon sequestration in salt-affected soils. Previous studies have shown that the organic matter content in salt-affected soil is low, the aggregate structure is poor, and the microbial activity is low. Poor soil structure leads to the exposure of soil organic matter and facilitates greater decomposition, and the low amount of exogenous organic matter input leads to difficulty in the accumulation of soil organic matter. It can be seen that salt-affected soil is a potential carbon pool, and appropriate measures can significantly increase the organic matter content of salt-affected soil. On this basis, future research directions for organic matter accumulation in salt-affected soil were proposed: 1) the response of soil aggregate structure and soil microorganisms in the process of organic matter partitioning under different salt environments; 2) the response of soil aggregate structure and soil microorganisms in the process of organic matter accumulation under the addition of exogenous organic materials; and 3) the productivity characteristics of salt-affected soil after the increase in soil organic matter. The above research clarifies the turnover mechanism of organic matter in saline-alkali soil, provides a theoretical basis for “carbon sequestration” of saline-alkali land, and provides targeted measures to improve the quality of saline-alkali farmland and promotes the green sustainable development of saline-alkali land.
- Salt-affected soil /
- Soil organic matter /
- Soil aggregates /
- Soil microorganisms

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图 1 Ca²⁺或Na⁺与土壤颗粒和有机质(SOM)的关系

Figure 1. Relationships between Ca²⁺ or Na⁺ and soil particles and organic matter (SOM)

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图 2 土壤盐渍化过程中土壤有机质(SOM)含量和稳定性变化

Figure 2. Soil organic matter (SOM) content and stability changes during soil salinization

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