Study on shallow mild saline groundwater use safety in winter wheat irrigation based on subsurface drainage system in coastal area of Hebei Province in China
-
摘要: 河北滨海盐碱耕地缺少灌溉水资源, 该区具有丰富的浅层微/轻度咸水资源, 冬小麦生长关键期适当进行微/轻度咸水灌溉能够缓解该区农田灌溉危机。本文以河北省滨海盐碱地为研究对象, 选择沧州市南大港产业园区马营村为试验基地, 开展浅层轻度咸水冬小麦农田灌溉试验, 分析咸水灌溉对冬小麦产量和土壤盐分含量变化的影响。结果表明: 1)河北滨海盐碱地浅层轻度咸水(6 g∙L−1)在冬小麦拔节—抽穗期进行一次40 m3的灌溉, 产量能够达到旱作冬小麦的1.5倍以上, 增产效果明显。2)基于暗管排水排盐工程、在雨季保持多年平均降雨量条件下, 2016—2018年雨季后实验地土壤平均含盐量分别为2.86 g∙kg−1、1.60 g∙kg−1和1.38 g∙kg−1, 呈现逐年降低的趋势。由此得出研究结论: 河北滨海盐碱地浅层咸水资源在冬小麦灌溉方面能够实现安全利用。在此基础上, 以河北滨海沧州市为例分析浅层咸水资源前景表明, 从水资源量上, 1~5 g∙L−1的浅层微/轻度咸水资源可以满足冬小麦农田因地下水压采限采造成的至少1.7×108 m3灌溉水量亏缺, 沧州市耕地可以扩大一年两熟种植面积, 增加冬小麦种植面积约9000 hm2。以上研究结果可为河北滨海盐碱地咸水资源安全利用、土壤健康和粮食安全提供科学依据。Abstract: There is a shortage of irrigation water resources in the coastal saline-alkali cultivated land of Hebei Province, which is rich in shallow saline water resources. Proper saline water irrigation during the critical period of winter wheat growth can alleviate the irrigation crisis in this area. In this paper, coastal saline-alkali land of Hebei province was selected as the research object, and Maying Village of Nandagang Industrial Park located Cangzhou city was selected as the test base, shallow mild saline water winter wheat field irrigation experiment was carried out in order to analysis the effects of saline irrigation on winter wheat yield and soil salt content. The results indicated that: 1) Mild saline water irrigation in the joint-heading stage of winter wheat can increase the yield of winter wheat in coastal saline-alkali land of Hebei province, which was more than 1.5 times that of dry wheat. 2) Based on subsurface drainage system, mild saline water irrigation would not cause salt accumulation in the soil surface layer, when the rainfall is maintained under multi-year average rainfall conditions in rainy season, the average soil salt content after the 2016−2018 rainy season was 2.86 g∙kg−1, 1.60 g∙kg−1 and 1.38 g∙kg−1, and the degree of soil salinization was reduced year by year after two consecutive years of salt water irrigation. The conclusion was that: the shallow saline water resources in the coastal saline-alkali land of Hebei province could be safely utilized in the irrigation of winter wheat. On this basis, we took Cangzhou City of coastal region of Hebei Province as an example, the analysis of shallow salt water resource prospects shows that: only winter wheat water demand was considered in Cangzhou City, irrigation water demand deficit was at least 1.7×108 m3 in Cangzhou City. The shallow saline water resources of 1−5 g·L−1 in Cangzhou City are abundant, which can meet the deficit in terms of water resources; the feasibility of mild saline water irrigation for winter wheat makes the planting mode of one crop of spring maize a year in some cultivated land become the planting mode of two crops of winter wheat-summer maize a year, and the sown area of winter wheat can be increased by at least 9000hm2 in Cangzhou. The results provided scientific basis for the safe utilization of coastal mild saline water resources, grain yield guarantee and soil sustainable development in coastal area of Hebei province.
-
图 1 2017年和2018年轻度咸水灌溉对冬小麦产量的影响
Figure 1. Effects of mild saline water irrigation on winter wheat yield in 2017 and 2018
图 2 实验区土壤盐分时空变化分布图
Figure 2. Spatial and temporal distribution of soil salt in the experimental area
图 3 2017年和2018年研究区雨季降雨量
Figure 3. Rainy season rainfall in the study area in 2017 and 2018
图 4 沧州市浅层地下水埋深及矿化度空间分布
Figure 4. Spatial distribution of shallow groundwater depth and salinity in Cangzhou City
图 5 2014—2020年河北省微咸水资源供水量
Figure 5. Quantity of supplying water of brackish water resources in Hebei Province
-
[1] DE FRAITURE C, WICHELNS D. Satisfying future water demands for agriculture[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2010, 97(4): 502−511 doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2009.08.008 [2] 朱正全, 冯绍元, 王娟, 等. 内蒙古河套灌区农业灌溉资源型节水潜力分析[J]. 中国农村水利水电, 2016(9): 77−80ZHU Z Q, FENG S Y, WANG J, et al. Analysis and estimation on resource-based water-saving potential of agricultural irrigation in Hetao irrigation district of Inner Mongolia[J]. China Rural Water and Hydropower, 2016(9): 77−80 [3] 张喜英, 刘小京, 陈素英, 等. 环渤海低平原农田多水源高效利用机理和技术研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2016, 24(8): 995−1004ZHANG X Y, LIU X J, CHEN S Y, et al. Efficient utilization of various water sources in farmlands in the low plain nearby Bohai Sea[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2016, 24(8): 995−1004 [4] 李亚松, 费宇红, 钱永, 等. 沧州地区深层地下水位降落漏斗演变特征与形成机理探讨[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2013, 27(1): 181−184LI Y S, FEI Y H, QIAN Y, et al. Discussion on evolution characteristics and formation mechanism of deep groundwater depression cone in Cangzhou region[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2013, 27(1): 181−184 [5] 曹彩云, 郑春莲, 李科江, 等. 不同矿化度咸水灌溉对小麦产量和生理特性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2013, 21(3): 347−355CAO C Y, ZHENG C L, LI K J, et al. Impact of saline water irrigation with different salinities on yield and physiological indices of wheat[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2013, 21(3): 347−355 [6] 苏寒, 王金涛, 董心亮, 等. 不同质量浓度咸水灌溉对冬小麦产量和生理生化特性的影响[J]. 灌溉排水学报, 2021, 40(8): 1−9SU H, WANG J T, DONG X L, et al. Effects of different saline water irrigation on yield, physiological and biochemical traits of winter wheat[J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2021, 40(8): 1−9 [7] 吴忠东, 王全九. 微咸水连续灌溉对冬小麦产量和土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 农业机械学报, 2010, 41(9): 36−43WU Z D, WANG Q J. Effect of saline water continuous irrigation on winter wheat yield and soil physicochemical property[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2010, 41(9): 36−43 [8] 杨莉琳, 杨友山, 李铃蔓, 等. 直灌咸水与施氮磷对重盐碱柽柳地的改良效应[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2022, 30(8): 1372−1380YANG L L, YANG Y S, LI L M, et al. Effects of direct saline irrigation and application of nitrogen and phosphorus on coastal saline-alkali soil planted Tamarix chinensi[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022, 30(8): 1372−1380 [9] 张刘东, 王庆明. 咸水非充分灌溉对土壤盐分分布的影响及SWAP模型模拟[J]. 节水灌溉, 2015(7): 32−35,39ZHANG L D, WANG Q. Effect of non-sufficient irrigation with saline water on the distribution of water and salinity in soil and SWAP model simulation[J]. Water Saving Irrigation, 2015(7): 32−35,39 [10] WEI C C, LI F H, YANG P L, et al. Effects of irrigation water salinity on soil properties, N2O emission and yield of spring maize under mulched drip irrigation[J]. Water, 2019, 11(8): 1548 doi: 10.3390/w11081548 [11] 刘兆昌, 李广贺, 朱琨. 供水水文地质[M]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2011LIU Z C, LI G H, ZHU K. Hydrogeology of Water Supply[M]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2011 [12] 王全九, 徐益敏, 王金栋, 等. 咸水与微咸水在农业灌溉中的应用[J]. 灌溉排水, 2002(4): 73−77WANG Q J, XU Y M, WANG J D, et al. Application of saline and slight saline water for farmland irrigation[J]. Irrigation and Drainage, 2002(4): 73−77 [13] FENG G X, ZHANG Z Y, WAN C Y, et al. Effects of saline water irrigation on soil salinity and yield of summer maize (Zea mays L.) in subsurface drainage system[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2017, 193: 205−213 doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2017.07.026 [14] LI P, REN L. Evaluating the saline water irrigation schemes using a distributed agro-hydrological model[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2021, 594: 125688 doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125688 [15] 赵英, 王丽, 赵惠丽, 等. 滨海盐碱地改良研究现状及展望[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(3): 67−74ZHAO Y, WANG L, ZHAO H L, et al. Research status and prospects of saline-alkali land amelioration in the coastal region of China[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(3): 67−74 [16] 谭莉梅, 刘金铜, 刘慧涛, 等. 河北省近滨海区暗管排水排盐技术适宜性及潜在效果研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2012, 20(12): 1673−1679TAN L M, LIU J T, LIU H T, et al. Study on the adaptability and potential application effects of subsurface pipe drainage system in the coastal areas of Hebei Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2012, 20(12): 1673−1679 [17] 谭攀, 王士超, 付同刚, 等. 我国暗管排水技术发展历史、现状与展望[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2021, 29(4): 633−639TAN P, WANG S C, FU T G, et al. Development history, present situation, and the prospect of subsurface drainage technology in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2021, 29(4): 633−639 [18] 刘慧涛, 谭莉梅, 于淑会, 等. 河北滨海盐碱区暗管埋设下土壤水盐变化响应研究[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2012, 20(12): 1693−1699LIU H T, TAN L M, YU S H, et al. Response of water and salt movement to subsurface pipe drainage system in saline-alkali coastal areas of Hebei Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2012, 20(12): 1693−1699 [19] 于淑会, 韩立朴, 高会, 等. 高水位区暗管埋设下土壤盐分适时立体调控的生态效应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(4): 1061−1068YU S H, HAN L P, GAO H, et al. Ecological effects of soil salinity regulation through saline water irrigation and subsurface drainage in high water table level area[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016, 27(4): 1061−1068 [20] 郜洪强, 费宇红, 雒国忠, 等. 河北平原地下咸水资源利用的效应分析[J]. 南水北调与水利科技, 2010, 8(2): 53−56 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1683.2010.02.015GAO H Q, FEI Y H, LUO G Z, et al. Effect analysis of saline groundwater utilization in Hebei plain[J]. South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology, 2010, 8(2): 53−56 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1683.2010.02.015 [21] 丁蓓蓓, 张雪靓, 赵振庭, 等. 华北平原限水灌溉条件下冬小麦产量及水分利用效率变化的Meta分析[J]. 灌溉排水学报, 2021, 40(12): 7−17 doi: 10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021377DING B B, ZHANG X L, ZHAO Z T, et al. Change in winter wheat yield and its water use efficiency as affected by limited irrigation in North China plain: a meta-analysis[J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2021, 40(12): 7−17 doi: 10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2021377 [22] 苟淇书, 党红凯, 马俊永, 等. 灌溉水矿化度对土壤盐分及冬小麦产量的影响[J]. 排灌机械工程学报, 2022, 40(8): 850−856GOU Q S, DANG H K, MA Y J, et al. Effect of irrigation water salinity on soil salinity and winter wheat yield[J]. Journal of drainage and irrigation machinery engineering, 2022, 40(8): 850−856 [23] 马凤娇, 谭莉梅, 刘慧涛, 等. 河北滨海盐碱区暗管改碱技术的降雨有效性评价[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2011, 19(2): 409−414 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2011.00409MA F J, TAN L M, LIU H T, et al. Evaluation of the rainfall effectiveness for reclaim of saline soil by subsurface pipe drainage system in coastal saline regions of Hebei Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2011, 19(2): 409−414 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2011.00409 [24] 陈文, 郑自宽, 谢军健, 等. 我国非常规水源苦咸水资源及其分布特征研究[J]. 水文, 2021, 41(5): 1−6 doi: 10.19797/j.cnki.1000-0852.20200160CHEN W, ZHENG Z K, XIE J J, et al. Study on the unconventional water sources: bitter-salty water resources and its distribution characteristics in China[J]. Journal of China Hydrology, 2021, 41(5): 1−6 doi: 10.19797/j.cnki.1000-0852.20200160 [25] 陈素英, 张喜英, 邵立威, 等. 微咸水非充分灌溉对冬小麦生长发育及夏玉米产量的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2011, 19(3): 579−585 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2011.00579CHEN S Y, ZHANG X Y, SHAO L W, et al. Effect of deficit irrigation with brackish water on growth and yield of winter wheat and summer maize[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2011, 19(3): 579−585 doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1011.2011.00579 [26] 王海霞, 徐征和, 庞桂斌, 等. 微咸水灌溉对土壤水盐分布及冬小麦生长的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2017, 31(3): 291−297WANG H X, XU Z H, PANG G B, et al. Effects of brackish water irrigation on water-salt distribution and winter wheat growth[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 31(3): 291−297 [27] YUAN C F, FENG S Y, HUO Z L, ET A L. Effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on soil water-salt distribution and water use efficiency of maize for seed production in arid Northwest China[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2019: 424–432 -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(6)
计量
- 文章访问数: 28
- HTML全文浏览量: 10
- PDF下载量: 3
- 被引次数: 0
