施用生物炭对土壤养分有效性和离子交换性能影响的整合分析

冉继伟; 齐昕; 武栋; 黄敏; 蔡泽江; 黄亚萍; 张文菊

doi:10.12357/cjea.20230026

施用生物炭对土壤养分有效性和离子交换性能影响的整合分析

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230026

冉继伟^{1, 2,},
齐昕³,
武栋¹,
黄敏²,
蔡泽江^{1, 4},
黄亚萍^1, ,,
张文菊¹

1.
中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室/北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室　北京　100081
2.
武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院　武汉　430070
3.
中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院　北京　100083
4.
中国农业科学院衡阳红壤实验站　祁阳　426182

基金项目: 新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目(2022A02007-1)和国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901201)资助

详细信息

作者简介:
冉继伟, 研究方向为土壤改良。E-mail: ranjiwei@163.com

通讯作者:
黄亚萍, 主要研究方向为农田养分循环。E-mail: huangyaping@caas.cn

中图分类号: S156
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-01-11
- 录用日期: 2023-03-31
- 网络出版日期: 2023-06-07
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-19

Impacts of biochar application on soil nutrient availability and exchangeable based cations: a meta-analysis

RAN Jiwei^{1, 2
,},
QI Xin³,
WU Dong¹,
HUANG Min²,
CAI Zejiang^{1, 4},
HUANG Yaping^{1
, ,},
ZHANG Wenju¹

1.
Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China, Beijing 100081, China
2.
School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
3.
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
4.
Red Soil Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Hengyang, Qiyang 426182, China

Funds: This study was supported by the Major Science and Technology Special Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2022A02007-1) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFD1901201).

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: huangyaping@caas.cn

摘要

摘要: 为准确评估施用生物炭对土壤养分有效性及交换性盐基离子的影响, 通过收集2000—2020年发表的文献, 获得不施生物炭(空白无添加)和单施生物炭648组匹配数据、不施生物炭和生物炭配施化肥430组匹配数据。采用数据整合分析(Meta-analysis)方法, 分析了不同方式施用生物炭对土壤氮磷含量(总氮、NH₄⁺-N、NO₃^–-N、Olsen-P)、交换性盐基离子(K⁺、Ca²⁺、Na⁺和Mg²⁺)及阳离子交换量(CEC)的影响。结果显示: 施用生物炭(单施或与化肥配施)土壤氮磷含量增加14.0%~128.1%、盐基离子含量增加22.5%~270.2%。对不同方式施用生物炭的效果比较可知, 生物炭与化肥配施对土壤养分的提升效果更加显著, 单施生物炭对土壤盐基离子提升效果更高。进一步分析显示, 当生物炭原料pH≥8时, 单施生物炭显著增加土壤Olsen-P含量达10.3%~58.5%; 制备温度>500 ℃时, 单施生物炭对土壤盐基离子含量的增加幅度为33.9%~384.7%; 生物炭施用量<10 t∙hm⁻²时, 生物炭与化肥配施对土壤Olsen-P含量增加幅度(374.1%)高于单施生物炭(2.1%); 在pH<6.5土壤施用生物炭提高土壤氮磷及交换性钙含量, 其中单施生物炭土壤Olsen-P含量和CEC的增幅分别达45.0%和17.9%。因此, 施用生物炭能有效改善土壤养分有效性和离子交换性能, 降低环境风险。实际应用中需要根据不同目的选择生物炭单施或配施化肥, 同时综合生物炭特性、施用量和土壤属性条件, 有效利用生物炭提升土壤肥力是未来农业高质量发展的重点方向。
- 生物炭 /
- 土壤养分有效性 /
- 交换性盐基离子 /
- Meta分析
Abstract: In order to accurately assess the effects of biochar application on soil nutrient availability and exchangeable based cations, a total of 2000−2020 published literature was collected to obtain 648 matched data for no biochar application (blank or no addition) and single biochar application, and 430 matched data for no biochar application and biochar co-application with fertilizer. A meta-analysis was performed to quantify the effects of different biochar applications on soil N and P availability (total N, NH₄⁺-N, NO₃^–-N, Olsen-P), salt-based ions contents (K⁺, Ca²⁺, Na⁺, and Mg²⁺), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Results showed that the application of biochar (alone or combined with chemical fertilizers) significantly increased soil N and P content by 14.0%−128.1%, and salt-based ions contents by 22.5%−270.2%, respectively. By comparing the effects of different biochar application, it was found that the increasing of soil N and P availability in chemical fertilizer combination treatment was higher than that in biochar application alone, while the increasing of salt-based ions contents in biochar application alone was higher than that in chemical fertilizer combination. Further analysis showed that when the pH of biochar was higher than 8, the application of biochar alone significantly increased soil Olsen-P content by 10.3%−58.5%. When the biochar pyrolysis temperature was higher than 500℃, the application of biochar alone increased the soil salt-based ions contents by 33.9%−384.7%. When the application rate of biochar was less than 10 t∙hm⁻², soil Olsen-P content increased higher under biochar combined with chemical fertilizer (374.1%) than that of biochar application alone (2.1%). In addition, applying biochar to soil with pH<6.5 could effectively increase soil N, P and Ca²⁺ contents, with Olsen-P content and CEC increased by 45.0% and 17.9%, respectively, under biochar application alone. Therefore, the application of biochar could effectively improve soil nutrient availability and ion exchange properties, and reducing environmental risks. In practical applications, biochar can be applied alone or in combination with fertilizer depending on the specific aims. Taking into account the characteristics of biochar, application rate, and soil conditions, the effective use of biochar to improve soil fertility will be the priority direction of the high-quality agricultural development in the future.
- Biochar /
- Soil nitrient availability /
- Soil exchangeable based cations /
- Meta-analysis

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图 1 生物炭单施和与化肥配施对土壤养分有效性和盐基离子含量的影响

点和误差线分别代表响应比和95%置信区间, 如果95%置信区间没有跨越零线, 表示处理与对照存在显著差异。括号内数值分别代表单独施用生物炭样本数(左边)和生物质炭与化肥配施样本数(右边)。TN: 总氮; TP: 总磷; TK: 总钾; Olsen-P: 有效磷; AK: 有效钾; CEC: 阳离子交换量。Dots with error bars denote the overall mean response ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. The 95% CI no across the zero line means significant difference between the treatment and control. The values in parentheses represent the sample size of biochar applied alone (left) and the sample size of biochar combined with chemical fertilizers (right). TN: total N; TP: total P; TK: total K; Olsen-P: available phosphorus; AK: available K; CEC: cation exchange capacity.

Figure 1. Effects of biochar applied alone and biochar combined with chemical fertilizers on soil nutrient availability and salt-based ions contents

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图 2 生物炭单施和与化肥配施条件下生物炭特征对土壤有效性 [ 全氮(a)、NH₄⁺-N (b)、NO₃⁻-N (c)和Olsen-P (d)含量 ] 的影响

点和误差线分别代表响应比和95%置信区间, 如果95%置信区间没有跨越零线, 表示处理与对照存在显著差异。括号内数值分别代表单独施用生物炭样本数(左边)和生物质炭与化肥配施样本数(右边)。CEC: 阳离子交换量。Dots with error bars denote the overall mean response ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. The 95% CI no across the zero line means significant difference between the treatment and control. The values in parentheses represent the sample size of biochar applied alone (left) and the sample size of biochar combined with chemical fertilizers (right). CEC: cation exchange capacity.

Figure 2. Effects of biochar applied alone and biochar combined with chemical fertilizers on soil nutrient availability (a: content of total nitrogen; b: content of NH₄⁺-N; c: content of NO₃⁻-N; d: content of Olsen-P) under different biochar properties

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图 3 生物炭单施和与化肥配施条件下生物炭特征对土壤盐基离子 [K⁺(a)、Na⁺ (b)、Ca²⁺(c)和Mg²⁺(d)] 含量和阳离子交换量(CEC) (e)的影响

点和误差线分别代表响应比和95%置信区间, 如果95%置信区间没有跨越零线, 表示处理与对照存在显著差异。括号内数值分别代表单独施用生物炭样本数(左边)和生物质炭与化肥配施样本数(右边)。Dots with error bars denote the overall mean response ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. The 95% CI no across the zero line means significant difference between the treatment and control. The values in parentheses represent the sample size of biochar applied alone (left) and the sample size of biochar combined with chemical fertilizers (right).

Figure 3. Effect of biochar applied alone and biochar combined with chemical fertilizers on soil salt-based ions (a: K⁺; b: Na⁺; c: Ca²⁺; d: Mg²⁺) contents and soil cation exchange capacity (CEC, e) under different biochar properties

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图 4 生物炭单施和与化肥配施条件下生物炭施用量和施用时间对土壤有效性 [ 全氮(a)、NH₄⁺-N (b)、NO₃⁻-N (c)和Olsen-P (d)含量 ] 的影响

点和误差线分别代表响应比和95%置信区间, 如果95%置信区间没有跨越零线, 表示处理与对照存在显著差异。括号内数值分别代表单独施用生物炭样本数(左边)和生物质炭与化肥配施样本数(右边)。Dots with error bars denote the overall mean response ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. The 95% CI no across the zero line means significant difference between the treatment and control. The values in parentheses represent the sample size of biochar applied alone (left) and the sample size of biochar combined with chemical fertilizers (right).

Figure 4. Effects of biochar applied alone and biochar combined with chemical fertilizers on soil nutrient availability (a: content of total nitrogen; b: content of NH₄⁺-N; c: content of NO₃⁻-N; d: content of Olsen-P) under different application rates and application times

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图 5 生物炭单施和与化肥配施条件下生物炭施用量和施用时间对土壤盐基离子 [K⁺(a)、Na⁺ (b)、Ca²⁺(c)和Mg²⁺(d)] 含量和阳离子交换量(CEC) (e)的影响

点和误差线分别代表响应比和95%置信区间, 如果95%置信区间没有跨越零线, 表示处理与对照存在显著差异。括号内数值分别代表单独施用生物炭样本数(左边)和生物质炭与化肥配施样本数(右边)。Dots with error bars denote the overall mean response ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. The 95% CI no across the zero line means significant difference between the treatment and control. The values in parentheses represent the sample size of biochar applied alone (left) and the sample size of biochar combined with chemical fertilizers (right).

Figure 5. Effect of biochar applied alone and biochar combined with chemical fertilizers on soil salt-based ions (a: K⁺; b: Na⁺; c: Ca²⁺; d: Mg²⁺) contents and soil cation exchange capacity (CEC, e) under different amendment rates and application times

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 生物炭单施和与化肥配施条件下土壤质地和pH对土壤有效性 [ 全氮(a)、NH₄⁺-N (b)、NO₃⁻-N (c)和Olsen-P (d)含量 ] 的影响

点和误差线分别代表响应比和95%置信区间, 如果95%置信区间没有跨越零线, 表示处理与对照存在显著差异。括号内数值分别代表单独施用生物炭样本数(左边)和生物质炭与化肥配施样本数(右边)。Dots with error bars denote the overall mean response ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. The 95% CI no across the zero line means significant difference between the treatment and control. The values in parentheses represent the sample size of biochar applied alone (left) and the sample size of biochar combined with chemical fertilizers (right).

Figure 6. Effect of biochar applied alone and biochar combined with chemical fertilizers on soil nutrient availability (a: content of total nitrogen; b: content of NH₄⁺-N; c: content of NO₃⁻-N; d: content of Olsen-P) under different soil textures and soil pH

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 生物炭单施和与化肥配施条件下土壤质地和pH对土壤盐基离子 [K⁺(a)、Na⁺ (b) 、Ca²⁺(c)和Mg²⁺(d)] 含量和阳离子交换量(CEC) (e)的影响

点和误差线分别代表响应比和95%置信区间, 如果95%置信区间没有跨越零线, 表示处理与对照存在显著差异。括号内数值分别代表单独施用生物炭样本数(左边)和生物质炭与化肥配施样本数(右边)。Dots with error bars denote the overall mean response ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. The 95% CI no across the zero line means significant difference between the treatment and control. The values in parentheses represent the sample size of biochar applied alone (left) and the sample size of biochar combined with chemical fertilizers (right).

Figure 7. Effect of biochar applied alone and biochar combined with chemical fertilizers on soil salt-based ions (a: K⁺; b: Na⁺; c: Ca²⁺; d: Mg²⁺) contetns and soil cation exchange capacity (CEC, e) under different soil textures and soil pH

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