The effects of nitrogen fertilizer deep placement on the ammonia volatilization from paddy fields in the Taihu Lake region of China

WANG Shuwei; LIN Jinghui; WU Zhenggui; CHEN Ji; PAN Yunjun; SHENG Xuewen

doi:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.210119

Volume 29 Issue 12

Dec. 2021

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WANG S W, LIN J H, WU Z G, CHEN J, PAN Y J, SHENG X W. The effects of nitrogen fertilizer deep placement on the ammonia volatilization from paddy fields in the Taihu Lake region of China[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2021, 29(12): 2002−2012 doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.210119

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The effects of nitrogen fertilizer deep placement on the ammonia volatilization from paddy fields in the Taihu Lake region of China

doi: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.210119

1.
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture / Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station / Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
2.
Suzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Suzhou 215006, China
3.
Suzhou Cultivated Land Quality Protection Station, Suzhou 215011, China
4.
Changshu Cultivated Land Quality Protection Station, Changshu 215500, China

Funds: This study was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC0213300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41807104), Suzhou Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project (SNG2018099, SNG2018097) and Changshu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project (CN202004-3)

More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Shuwei, E-mail: swwang@issas.ac.cn
Received Date: 2021-02-26
Accepted Date: 2021-05-28

Available Online: 2021-06-22

Publish Date: 2021-12-07

Abstract

Abstract

.Ammonia (NH₃) volatilization is an important nitrogen (N) loss pathway in paddy fields. However, the effects of N fertilizer deep placement, slow-release N fertilizers, and urea inhibitors on NH₃ volatilization reduction during the entire rice-growing season remain uncertain. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a field experiment with seven treatments: (1) no N application, (2) local broadcasting application of urea at a rate of 300 kg(N)∙hm⁻² (SN300), (3) 10% reduction of N from SN300 (SN270), (4) deep placement of basal urea together with the broadcasting of topdressing of urea at tiller and panicle stages of rice, at a total a rate of 270 kg(N)∙hm⁻² (DN270), (5) application of urea inhibitor for DN270 (DN270+UI), (6) 10% nitrogen reduction, deep application of basal urea together with the surface application of slow-release N fertilizer (DN270+SR), and (7) application of urease inhibitors for DN270+SR (DN270+SR+UI). Compared with the SN300 treatment, deep placement of basal N fertilizer reduced the cumulative NH₃ emissions by 78.2%−85.2% in the basal fertilization period. The combined application of the urease inhibitors in the rice topdressing periods (DN270+UI treatment) reduced the NH₃ emissions by 30.4% at the tillering stage and 25.3% at the panicle stage in comparison with the SN300 treatment. Replacing urea with a slow-release N fertilizer (DN270+SR treatment) in the rice topdressing periods reduced NH₃ volatilization by 36.4% at the tillering stage and 28.1% at the panicle stage. The cumulative NH₃ volatilization changed in the following order: SN300 > SN270 > DN270 > DN270+UI > DN270+SR > DN270+SR+UI. Compared to the local treatment (SN300), DN270+SR+UI significantly reduced NH₃ volatilization by 50.9%. There was no significant difference in rice yield among the N fertilizer treatments. NH₃ emission intensity per unit rice yield was lowest for the DN270+SR+UI treatment, 52.5% lower than the SN300 treatment. Overall, simultaneous N fertilizer deep placement with slow-release N and urease inhibitors produced more grains with lower environmental costs associated with NH₃ emissions. This represents a promising and sustainable management strategy for paddy fields in the Taihu Lake region of China.
- Paddy field,
- NH₃ volatilization,
- Deep placement of N fertilizer,
- Urease inhibitor,
- Slow-release fertilizer,
- NH₃ emission intensity,
- Rice yield

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References(38)

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