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不同前处理下咸水冰融水水质与水量特征

齐继 宋建彬 赵英 胡秋丽 潘英华 于千钧

齐继, 宋建彬, 赵英, 胡秋丽, 潘英华, 于千钧. 不同前处理下咸水冰融水水质与水量特征[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−11 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220924
引用本文: 齐继, 宋建彬, 赵英, 胡秋丽, 潘英华, 于千钧. 不同前处理下咸水冰融水水质与水量特征[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−11 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220924
QI J, SONG J B, ZHAO Y, HU Q L, PAN Y H, YU Q J. Analysis of quality and quantity characteristics of saline ice meltwater under different pretreatment[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−11 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220924
Citation: QI J, SONG J B, ZHAO Y, HU Q L, PAN Y H, YU Q J. Analysis of quality and quantity characteristics of saline ice meltwater under different pretreatment[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−11 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220924

不同前处理下咸水冰融水水质与水量特征

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220924
基金项目: 山东省泰山学者青年专家项目(201812096)、山东省杰出青年基金项目(ZR2019JQ12)、国家自然科学基金项目(41901031)和山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2021MD036)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    齐继, 主要研究方向为土壤水文过程及其机理。Email: jiqi0416@outlook.com

    通讯作者:

    赵英, 主要研究方向为土壤水文过程及其机理。Email: yzhaosoils@gmail.com

  • 中图分类号: S156.4

Analysis of quality and quantity characteristics of saline ice meltwater under different pretreatment

Funds: This study was supported by the Taishan Scholars Young Expert Project of Shandong Province (201812096), Shandong Outstanding Youth Fund Project (ZR2019JQ12), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41901031), and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2021MD036).
More Information
  • 摘要: 咸水结冰灌溉对重度盐碱地改良, 缓解淡水资源短缺具有重要现实意义。咸水冰融化过程中水盐分离的实质是盐分的再分配过程。为厘清前处理对咸水冰融化过程中水质及水量的影响, 本研究设计了曝气冰(A)、堆积冰(S)、破碎冰(C)和常规冰(R)4种前处理, 及4个初始矿化度0、5 g∙L−1、10 g∙L−1、15 g∙L−1, 对比分析融水过程中水量和水质的动态变化。结果表明, 曝气、堆积和破碎处理相对常规冰都能显著减少融化时间, 各处理融化时间为破碎冰<堆积冰<曝气冰<常规冰; 单位时间融出水量均呈现先快速升高, 后缓慢降低的趋势, 峰值水量为常规冰<曝气冰<堆积冰<破碎冰。随着融化过程的进行, 融水矿化度快速下降, 之后逐渐平缓; 其中, 破碎冰初始和结束时融水矿化度和钠吸附比均显著低于常规冰; 且初始矿化度为5 g∙L−1时破碎冰的淡水(<1 g∙L−1)融出量高达33.26%, 显著高于同矿化度的其他前处理冰体。可见, 前处理措施可以显著改变咸水冰融化过程中的水盐再分配过程, 这为地下咸水资源利用时通过咸水冰前处理提高盐分淋洗能力提供了理论依据。
  • 图  1  试验装置照片

    图中从左到右分别为常规冰、曝气冰、堆积冰、破碎冰。There is regular ice, aerated ice, stacked ice and crushed ice separately from left to right in the photograph.

    Figure  1.  Photograph of the experimental setup

    图  2  不同前处理下不同矿化度咸水冰的融化历时

    图中R、A、S、C分别代表常规冰、曝气冰、堆积冰、破碎冰。R, A, S and C represent regular ice, aerated ice, stacked ice and crushed ice separately.

    Figure  2.  Comparison of melting time under different treatments

    图  3  不同初始矿化度下各前处理咸水冰融水水量动态

    图中R、A、S、C分别代表常规冰、曝气冰、堆积冰、破碎冰。R, A, S and C represent regular ice, aerated ice, stacked ice and crushed ice separately.

    Figure  3.  The dynamics of the meltwater volume under different treatments

    图  4  不同前处理和矿化度条件下咸水冰融水盐分动态

    图中R、A、S、C分别代表常规冰、曝气冰、堆积冰、破碎冰。R, A, S and C represent regular ice, aerated ice, stacked ice and crushed ice separately.

    Figure  4.  Salinity dynamics of saline ice meltwater under different treatments

    图  5  不同前处理和矿化度条件下咸水冰融水钠吸附比动态

    图中R、A、S、C分别代表常规冰、曝气冰、堆积冰、破碎冰。R, A, S and C represent regular ice, aerated ice, stacked ice and crushed ice separately.

    Figure  5.  Dynamics of sodium adsorption ratio of saline ice meltwater under different treatments

    图  6  不同前处理和初始矿化度条件下各矿化度融水占比

    字母代表前处理方法, R、A、S、C分别指常规冰、曝气冰、堆积冰、破碎冰, 数字代表初始矿化度, 如“R5”表示初始矿化度为5 g·L−1的常规冰。The letter in the treatment indicates the pretreatment method, where R, A, S, and C refer to regular ice, aerated ice, stacked ice, and crushed ice; The number indicates the initial TDS, such as R5 means the regular ice pretreatment with an initial TDS of 5 g·L−1.

    Figure  6.  Salt redistribution of the saline ice melting under different treatments

    表  1  试验用不同矿化度咸水的离子组成

    Table  1.   Ion composition of the saline water of different salinities

    离子 Ion5 g∙L−110 g∙L−115 g∙L−1
    K+0.0290.0550.089
    Na+1.9383.9525.970
    Ca2+0.0300.0590.056
    Mg2+0.0190.0380.048
    SO42−0.1460.2580.314
    Cl3.6627.64912.022
    HCO30.0300.0390.030
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同前处理下不同矿化度咸水冰融水矿化度幂函数($ y=a \cdot {x}^{b} $)拟合参数表

    Table  2.   The parameters of the fitted function of total dissolved solids in meltwater

    矿化度
    Salinity (g∙L−1)
    前处理
    Pre-treatment
    abR2n
    值 ValueStd. ESig.值 ValueStd. ESig.
    5常规冰 Regular ice100.904.12<0.01−1.550.06<0.010.9828
    曝气冰 Aerated ice179.589.20<0.01−2.530.09<0.010.9923
    堆积冰 Stacked ice70.751.11<0.01−2.940.09<0.010.9918
    破碎冰 Crushed ice101.048.15<0.01−2.770.10<0.010.9915
    10常规冰 Regular ice142.429.81<0.01−1.100.09<0.010.8828
    曝气冰 Aerated ice184.103.69<0.01−1.710.05<0.010.9927
    堆积冰 Stacked ice128.564.64<0.01−1.860.10<0.010.9820
    破碎冰 Crushed ice550.99109.50<0.01−3.080.19<0.010.9816
    15常规冰 Regular ice167.3212.14<0.01−1.020.09<0.010.8629
    曝气冰 Aerated ice308.8013.74<0.01−1.600.09<0.010.9527
    堆积冰 Stacked ice251.756.93<0.01−2.080.09<0.010.9920
    破碎冰 Crushed ice9321.271836.00<0.01−4.860.20<0.010.9917
      表中ab为幂函数中的拟合参数; R2为拟合精度; Std. E为参数标准误差; Sig. 为拟合显著度; n为样本数。a, b are the fitting constants in the power function; R2 is the coefficient of determination; Std. E is the standard error; Sig. is the significance of the fitness; n is the number of data used for fitting.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同处理下咸水冰融水矿化度和钠吸附比始末变化

    Table  3.   Comparison of total dissolved solids & sodium adsorption ratio in saline ice meltwater between the starting and ending time under different treatments

    矿化度
    Salinity (g∙L−1)
    前处理
    Pre-treatment
    开始 Start结束 End
    TDSSARTDSSAR
    数值 Value (g∙L−1)Std. E数值 ValueStd. E数值 Value (g∙L−1)Std. E数值 ValueStd. E
    5常规冰 Regular ice288.61a23.7910.65a1.340.20ab0.170.38bc0.08
    曝气冰 Aerated ice63.58cde7.066.16cde0.510.26ab0.120.51abc0.11
    堆积冰 Stacked ice71.16cde24.327.34abcd1.450.68a0.150.84a0.03
    破碎冰 Crushed ice14.54e5.273.4e1.000.06b0.050.16c0.09
    10常规冰 Regular ice270.69a37.6510.54a1.940.26ab0.070.40abc0.26
    曝气冰 Aerated ice178.95bc18.6410.28ab1.620.02ab0.040.04bc0.00
    堆积冰 Stacked ice123.49cd29.177.07bcd2.030.77a0.280.69ab0.40
    破碎冰 Crushed ice31.09de3.724.06de0.360.07b0.060.24bc0.15
    15常规冰 Regular ice291.30a126.578.25abc1.750.50ab0.490.33abc0.29
    曝气冰 Aerated ice287.23a77.827.96abc2.870.42ab0.250.50abc0.21
    堆积冰 Stacked ice246.10ab39.578.08abc3.030.97a0.730.66abc0.50
    破碎冰 Crushed ice110.52cd20.946.31cde1.250.11ab0.030.23bc0.14
      Std. E为参数标准误差, TDS为矿化度, SAR为钠吸附比; 不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。Std. E is the standard error ; TDS represents total dissolved solids; SAR represents sodium adsorption ratio. Different lowercase letters mean difference among different treatments reached significant at P<0.05 level.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  幂函数拟合融水钠吸附比函数($y=a \cdot {x}^{b}$)参数表

    Table  4.   The parameters of the fitted function of sodium adsorption ratio of meltwater

    矿化度
    Salinity (g∙L−1)
    前处理
    Pre-treatment
    abR2n
    值 ValueStd. ESig.值 ValueStd. ESig.
    5常规冰 Regular ice6.890.27<0.01−0.790.04<0.010.9328
    曝气冰 Aerated ice9.840.88<0.01−1.060.05<0.010.9423
    堆积冰 Stacked ice6.850.26<0.01−1.100.05<0.010.9718
    破碎冰 Crushed ice17.183.53<0.01−1.950.14<0.010.9615
    10常规冰 Regular ice8.050.51<0.01−0.730.06<0.010.8328
    曝气冰 Aerated ice14.481.13<0.01−1.330.04<0.010.9326
    堆积冰 Stacked ice7.510.26<0.01−0.930.04<0.010.9720
    破碎冰 Crushed ice26.064.75<0.01−1.950.14<0.010.9616
    15常规冰 Regular ice7.320.61<0.01−0.630.07<0.010.7229
    曝气冰 Aerated ice15.271.94<0.01−1.250.07<0.010.8527
    堆积冰 Stacked ice8.940.48<0.01−1.00.06<0.010.9320
    破碎冰 Crushed ice51.3413.32<0.01−2.120.18<0.010.9717
      表中ab为幂函数中的拟合参数; R2为拟合精度; Std. E为参数标准误差; Sig.为拟合显著度; n为样本数。a, b are the fitting constants in the power function; R2 is the coefficient of determination; Std. E is the standard error; Sig. is the significance of the fitness; n is the number of data used for fitting.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  单位体积融水矿化度及融出该水量时的咸水冰脱盐率

    Table  5.   Salinity per unit volume of meltwater and desalination ratio at specific melting stage

    矿化度
    Salinity (g∙L−1)
    前处理
    Pre-treatment
    融水矿化度
    Salinity of melted water (g∙L−1)
    咸水冰融化各阶段脱盐率
    Desalination ratio at each melting stage (%)
    0%~25%25%~50%50%~75%75%~100%25%50%75%
    5 常规冰 Regular ice 14.38±0.78f 2.65±0.31e 2.16±0.26bc 0.8±0.23cd 71.92±3.91cde 85.16±2.44cd 95.99±1.3bc
    曝气冰 Aerated ice 14.38±0.60f 2.97±0.58e 2.04±0.24bc 0.61±0.16cd 71.88±3cde 86.74±1.32cd 96.93±1.18b
    堆积冰 Stacked ice 13.51±0.66f 3.27±0.43e 1.96±0.25bc 1.26±0.04c 67.57±3.3de 83.94±1.14d 93.72±1.26d
    破碎冰 Crushed ice 12.84±0.77f 5.02±0.51d 1.78±0.26c 0.36±0.07d 64.21±3.83e 89.3±1.63bc 98.2±1.31a
    10 常规冰 Regular ice 31.72±0.79d 5.71±0.55d 2.07±0.25bc 0.5±0.16d 79.3±1.97abc 93.57±0.98ab 98.75±0.64a
    曝气冰 Aerated ice 31.63±0.22d 5.39±0.09d 2.46±0.29bc 0.52±0.05d 79.08±0.54abc 92.54±0.61ab 98.69±0.72a
    堆积冰 Stacked ice 27.92±0.35e 5.92±0.22d 3.98±0.34b 2.17±0.52b 69.81±0.87de 84.61±0.44d 94.57±0.86cd
    破碎冰 Crushed ice 25.52±1.85e 11.58±1.33b 2.42±0.45bc 0.47±0.11d 63.81±4.63e 92.76±1.39ab 98.81±1.12a
    15 常规冰 Regular ice 50.62±2.58a 6.45±1.87cd 2.16±0.9bc 0.76±0.16cd 84.37±4.3a 95.12±1.57a 98.73±1.5a
    曝气冰 Aerated ice 48.40±2.36a 8.26±1.92c 2.56±0.49bc 0.78±0.17cd 80.67±3.94ab 94.44±1.1a 98.7±0.82a
    堆积冰 Stacked ice 43.93±3.34b 7.98±1.04c 5.44±1.87a 2.66±0.47a 73.21±5.57bcd 86.5±3.87cd 95.57±3.12bcd
    破碎冰 Crushed ice 40.29±1.07c 15.24±0.82a 3.58±1.24bc 0.89±0.47cd 67.16±1.79de 92.56±2.69ab 98.52±2.06a
      不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。Different lowercase letters mean difference among different treatments reached significant at P<0.05 level.
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-11-28
  • 录用日期:  2023-03-08
  • 修回日期:  2023-03-08
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-03-09

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